产品模块化中的若干智能方法

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.17.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 产品模块化是实现大批量定制的关键技术之一，也是工业4.0的基础，能够有效支持智能制造。传统的产品模块化方法需要依靠有经验的设计人员，需要花费大量时间。并且随着定制产品的数量越来越多，产品的变化越来越快，这种传统的方法越来越难以适应当前形势的发展需要。为了解决这些问题，提出产品模块化中的若干智能方法，包括：产品名称本体建立、产品模块划分、模块通用化和标准化、产品主结构建立等方面的智能方法，利用群体智能、大数据智能、人机协同智能等新一代人工智能技术，对大量产品模块数据、用户订单数据、设计人员使用产品模块的行为数据等进行智能分析，挖掘数据中隐藏的产品名称关系、模块关系等数据中的相似性和关联性等信息，帮助确定产品名称本体、产品模块划分、通用模块、模块主模型、产品主结构等，帮助快速实现大范围的产品模块化，减少开展产品模块化成本和时间。

关键词: 产品模块化, 模块化设计, 智能制造, 智能模块化设计, 新一代人工智能

Abstract: Product modularization is one of the key technologies to realize mass customization, and it is also the foundation of industry 4.0, which can effectively support intelligent manufacturing. The traditional method of product modularization relies on experienced designers and takes a lot of time. And with the increasing number of customized products, the product changes faster and faster, this traditional method is more and more difficult to adapt for the development needs of the current situation. To solve these problems, some intelligent methods in product modularization are proposed, including:product name ontology establishment, product module partition optimization, module generalization and standardization, product main structure establishment etc. By using new generation of artificial intelligence technologies such as swarm intelligence, big data analysis and man-machine coordination, a large number of product module data, user order data and designers' behavior data of using product module are analyzed. By mining the similarity and relevance information such as product name relationship and module relationship hidden in the data, product name ontology, product module division, product common module, module main model and product main structure are determined. As a result, rapid large-scale product modularization is achieved, and the cost and time of product modularization are reduced.

Key words: product modularity, modular design, intelligent manufacturing, intelligent modular design, a new generation of artificial intelligence

中图分类号:

TG662

顾新建, 马步青, 顾复, 滕宇东. 产品模块化中的若干智能方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(17): 1-9.

GU Xinjian, MA Buqing, GU Fu, TENG Yudong. Some Intelligent Methods in Product Modularization[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(17): 1-9.

参考文献

[1] 顾新建,杨青海. 产品模块化是中国成为制造强国的必由之路——解读《机电产品模块化设计方法和案例》[J]. 中国机械工程,2018,29(9):1127-1133. GU Xinjian,YANG Qinghai. Modularization of products is the only way for China to become a manufacturing power[J]. China Mechanical Engineering,2018,29(9):1127-1133.
[2] Tang M,Qi Y,Zhang M. Impact of product modularity on mass customization capability:An exploratory study of contextual factors[J]. International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making,2017,16(4):939-959.
[3] 李清,谢同雨,杨海舰,等. 模块化管道作业机器人的设计[J]. 机械工程学报,2018,54(1):188-196LI Qing,XIE Tongyu,YANG Haijian,et al. Design of modular pipeline operation robot[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2018,54(1):188-196.
[4] Wang H,Shu C. Constructing a sustainable collaborative innovation network for global manufacturing firms:A product modularity view and a case study from China[J]. IEEE Access,2020,8:173123-173135.
[5] Piran F A S,Lacerda D P,Camargo L F R,et al. Product modularity and its effects on the production process:an analysis in a bus manufacturer[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2017,88(5-8):2331-2343.
[6] Bhosekar A,Ierapetritou M. Modular design optimization using machine learning-based flexibility analysis[J]. Journal of Process Control,2020,90:18-34.
[7] 许静,纪杨建,祁国宁,等. 支持大批量定制设计的机械零部件分类编码方法[J]. 机械工程学报,2010,46(11):149-155. XU Jing,JI Yangjian,QI Guoning,et al. Classification and coding method of mechanical parts for the design process of mass customization[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(11):149-155.
[8] 陈继文,杨红娟,董明晓,等. 基于本体语义块相似匹配的设计知识更新[J]. 机械工程学报,2014,50(7):161-167. CHEN Jiwen,YANG Hongjuan,DONG Xiaoming,et al. Design knowledge updating method based on similarity matching of ontology semantic block[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(7):161-167.
[9] Minhas S,Juzek C,Berger U. Ontology based intelligent assistance system to support manufacturing activities in a distributed manufacturing environment[J]. Procedia CIRP,2012(7):215-220.
[10] Li Z,Wang S,Yin W. Determining optimal granularity level of modular product with hierarchical clustering and modularity assessment[J]. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering,2019,41(8):1-14.
[11] 侯文彬,单春来,于野,等. 模块化平台的模块划分及共享模块筛选方法[J]. 机械工程学报,2018,54(1):188-196. HOU Wenbin,SHAN Chunlai,YU Ye,et al. Modular platform-oriented method for module identification and selection[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2018,54(1):188-196.
[12] Alparslan E B,Arianne X C,Panos Y P,et al. Multiobjective optimization of modular design concepts for a collection of interacting systems[J]. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2018(57):83-94.
[13] 祁卓娅,王建正,韩新民. 模块柔性划分方法[J]. 机械工程学报,2007,43(1):87-94. QI Zhuoya,WANG Jianzheng,HAN Xinmin. Flexible module division method[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2007,43(1):87-94.
[14] Kashkoush M,ElMaraghy H. Optimum overall product modularity[J]. Procedia CIRP,2016,44:55-60.
[15] 郏维强,刘振宇,刘达新,等. 基于模糊关联的复杂产品模块化设计方法及其应用[J]. 机械工程学报,2015,51(5):131-142. JIA Weiqiang,LIU Zhenyu,LIU Daxin,et al. Modular design method and application for complex product based on fuzzy correlation analysis[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(5):131-142.
[16] 程贤福. 面向可适应性的稳健性产品平台规划方法[J]. 机械工程学报,2015,51(19):154-163. CHENG Xianfu. Adaptability-oriented planning method for robust product platform[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(19):154-163.
[17] Atharv B,Marianthi I. Modular design optimization using machine learning-based flexibility analysis[J]. Journal of Process Control,2020,90:18-34.
[18] 樊蓓蓓,祁国宁. 基于复杂网络的产品族结构建模及模块分析方法[J]. 机械工程学报,2007,43(3):187-198. FAN Beibei,QI Guoning. Product family structure modeling and module analysis method based on complex network[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2007,43(3):187-198.
[19] 顾新建,杨青海,纪杨建,等. 机电产品模块化方法和案例[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,2013. GU Xinjian,YANG Qinghai,JI Yangjian,et al,et al. Modularization methods and cases of mechanical and electrical products[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2013.
[20] 陈思,阎艳,王钊,等. 产品设计知识服务中本体推理技术应用[J]. 中国机械工程,2014,25(19):2620-2627. CHEN Si,YAN Yan,WANG Zhao,et al. Application of ontology reasoning technology in product design knowledge service[J]. China Mechanical Engineering,2014,25(19):2620-2627.
[21] 束建华. 群体智能及其在分布式知识管理中的应用研究[D]. 合肥:合肥工业大学,2007. SHU Jianhua. Research on swarm intelligence and its application in distributed knowledge management[D]. Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2007.
[22] 张娟. 基于本体的产品设计知识库构建[D]. 长沙:中南大学,2009. ZHANG Juan. Ontology-based construction of product design knowledge base[D]. Changsha:Central South University,2009.
[23] Kim S,Moon S K. Eco-modular product architecture identification and assessment for product recovery[J]. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing,2019,30(1):383-403.
[24] 国家市场监督管理总局,国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 39589-2020机械产品零部件模块化设计评价规范[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2020.State Administration for Market Regulation of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. GB/T 39589-2020 Specifications for evaluation of modular design for parts of mechanical products[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China,2020.
[25] 江志. 基于图形相似性和零件相关性的模具零件库检索技术的研究及应用[D]. 杭州:浙江大学,2020.JIANG Zhi. Research and application of parts library retrieval technology based on graph similarity and parts correlation[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2020.
[26] 祁国宁,Josef S,顾新建,等. 图解PDM[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,2005. QI Guoning,Josef S,GU Xinjian,et al. Illustrated PDM[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2005.
[27] Bayrak A E,Collopy A X,Papalambros P Y,et al. Multiobjective optimization of modular design concepts for a collection of interacting systems[J]. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2018,57(1):83-94.