• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (10): 160-168.doi: 10.3901/JME.2021.10.160

• 材料科学与工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

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焊缝金属的屈服强度和材料的加工硬化对Q345钢焊接残余应力与变形计算精度的影响

张超华, 王晓霞, 常茂椿, 王虎, 叶延洪, 邓德安   

  1. 重庆大学材料科学与工程学院 重庆 400045
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-31 修回日期:2020-10-14 出版日期:2021-07-23 发布日期:2021-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 邓德安(通信作者),男,1968年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为焊接过程数值模拟。E-mail:deandeng@cqu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张超华,男,1989年出生,博士。主要研究方向为焊接数值模拟。E-mail:chhzhang@cqu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875063)。

Effects of Yield Strength of Weld Metal and Material Strain Hardening on Prediction Accuracy of Welding Residual Stress and Deformation in a Q345 Steel Joint

ZHANG Chaohua, WANG Xiaoxia, CHANG Maochun, WANG Hu, YE Yanhong, DENG Dean   

  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045
  • Received:2020-05-31 Revised:2020-10-14 Online:2021-07-23 Published:2021-07-23

摘要: 建立合适的材料模型是有限元法准确预测焊接残余应力与变形的关键。基于有限元软件ABAQUS,采用热-弹-塑性有限元方法模拟Q345低合金高强钢平板对接接头的焊接残余应力与变形,探讨焊缝金属的屈服强度和材料的加工硬化对焊接残余应力和变形的影响。数值模拟结果表明,与理想弹塑性模型预测的结果相比,材料模型区分考虑母材和焊缝金属的屈服强度会明显增加焊缝及其附近区域的纵向残余应力,材料模型考虑材料的加工硬化及退火软化效应会显著增加焊接接头下表面的纵向和横向残余应力,材料模型考虑焊缝金属的屈服强度和材料的加工硬化及退火软化效应对平板对接接头角变形的影响较小。比较计算结果与试验结果可知,为准确地预测Q345钢接头焊接残余应力与变形,材料模型要区分考虑母材与焊缝金属的屈服强度、材料的加工硬化及退火软化效应。提出的材料模型为采用数值模拟方法高精度地获得Q345低合金高强钢接头或结构的残余应力与变形奠定了理论基础。

关键词: 低合金高强钢, 焊缝金属屈服强度, 加工硬化, 残余应力, 变形, 数值模拟

Abstract: Establishing a suitable material model is the key to accurately predict welding residual stress and deformation by finite element method. Based on ABAQUS code, a thermal-mechanical finite element method is developed to predict the welding residual stress and deformation of the Q345 steel butt joint. Effects of the yield strength of weld metal and material strain hardening on the welding residual stress and deformation are analyzed by means of numerical simulation. Compared with the simulation results of ideal elastic-plastic model, the material model considering the yield strength of the base metal and the weld metal significantly increases the longitudinal residual stress of the weld zone and its vicinity. The material model considering the strain hardening and annealing softening effect obviously increases the longitudinal and transverse residual stresses in the lower surface of the weld joint. The material model considering the yield strength of weld metal, and the material model considering material strain hardening have slight effect on the angular distortion of the butt joint. Comparison between numerical simulation results and experimental results, in order to accurately predict the welding residual stress and deformation of Q345 steel multi-pass welded joints, the yield strength of the base metal and weld metal should be separately considered, as well as the strain hardening and annealing softening effect. The material model proposed lays a theoretical foundation for accurately predicting welding residual stress and deformation in Q345 high-strength low alloy steel joints or structures by finite element method.

Key words: high strength low alloy steels, yield strength of weld metal, strain hardening, residual stress, deformation, numerical simulation

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