Study on Yarn Tension in the Three-dimensional Weaving Process of Composites Preforms

doi:10.3901/JME.260385

Abstract

Abstract: An active yarn feeding system tailored for the weaving process of three-dimensional woven composites is proposed. The structural design and device assembly are completed, and the tension generation mechanism during active yarn feeding is analyzed. By employing an error-proportional compensation method, the theoretical and actual yarn feeding lengths are effectively stabilized. The coupling effects of weaving speed, extrusion pressure, and speed ratio on yarn tension are explored through response surface methodology, and a second-order polynomial model is used for fitting to achieve stable tension control during weaving. The optimization model, aiming to minimize the tension variation rate, is used to determine the optimal process parameters. Results indicate that the error-proportional compensation significantly reduces yarn feeding errors, with all deviations controlled within 0.3 mm and an average error reduction to 0.49%. The extrusion pressure and speed ratio of the active yarn feeding system exhibit coupled effects on the yarn tension variation rate. Utilizing the response surface experiment and regression model, the tension fluctuation of the flexible-oriented three-dimensional weaving system is controlled within 10%.

Key words: composites, preform, three-dimensional weaving, tension, active yarn feeding

CLC Number:

TB332

HUANG Hao, SHAN Zhongde, ZHAO Fu, LIU Jianhua, WANG Lixin, AO Xiaohui, GUO Zitong, SUN Zheng, WANG Dong, LI Jiahua. Study on Yarn Tension in the Three-dimensional Weaving Process of Composites Preforms[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(7): 396-404.

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