Study on the Vibro-acoustic Characteristics of Pantograph Flat Roof of High-speed Train Body under Aerodynamic Excitation

doi:10.3901/JME.260053

Abstract

Abstract: In order to understand the mechanism of the aerodynamic load acting on the carbody roof in the pantograph area of high-speed train and the acoustic-vibration response and transmission characteristics of the roof structure. The CFD method is used to numerically simulate the flow field in the pantograph area to obtain the aerodynamic excitation. The acoustic and convective components of the wall-pressure fluctuation are extracted by the “wave number-frequency” method. The acoustic-vibration response and transmission characteristics of the roof structure under the excitation of acoustic component and convective component are analyzed by DAF diffusion sound field model and Corcos turbulence excitation model respectively. The contribution of the components of the pantograph flat roof to the interior noise of the vehicle under aerodynamic excitation is quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the aerodynamic excitation of the pantograph to the flat roof mainly includes the aerodynamic sound pressure caused by vortex shedding and the turbulent excitation caused by the shedding vortex hitting the wall of the car body. At the flow velocity of 350 km/h, the total WPF on the pantograph flat roof is 144.2 dB, of which the convective component is 143.5 dB and the acoustic component is 136.4 dB. Since the wave number of the acoustic component is closer to the bending wave number of the pantograph flat roof structure, it can better stimulate the acoustic vibration response of the pantograph flat roof. The radiated sound power of the pantograph flat roof under the aerodynamic sound pressure excitation is 80.4 dB(A), and the sound power under the turbulent excitation is 60.6 dB(A). Under the aerodynamic excitation, the car body profile is the most important structural sound source, and the noise radiated by the interior roof is the second largest structural noise source in this area. Under the excitation of aerodynamic sound pressure, the contribution of car body profiles to the interior of the vehicle is 77%, and the contribution of the interior roof is 17.9%. Under turbulent excitation, the contribution of car body profiles to the interior of the car is 67.7%, and the contribution of the interior roof is 21.6%.

Key words: high-speed train, aerodynamic noise, fluctuating pressure, pantograph flat roof, acoustic vibration respons

CLC Number:

U270

LIU Fangbo, XIAO Xinbiao, ZHANG Jie, YANG Jizhong. Study on the Vibro-acoustic Characteristics of Pantograph Flat Roof of High-speed Train Body under Aerodynamic Excitation[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(2): 261-270.

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