Dynamic Behavior of High-speed Train Passing through the Tunnel Exit under Strong Wind Environment at Mountain Railway

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.10.349

Abstract

Abstract: Sudden changes in aerodynamic loads applied to vehicles when the train exits the tunnel of mountain railways subjected to strong crosswinds have great influences on the dynamic performance of the train. To investigate the aerodynamic characteristic and dynamic performance of high-speed train exiting a tunnel under wind conditions, the finite volume method and overset mesh technique are employed to simulate the aerodynamic loads applied to vehicles, and the train-track coupled dynamic model is modeled to calculate dynamic responses of the train. Results show that, when the wind comes from the near-wall side, the transient aerodynamic loads change more severely compared with that from the opposite side of the double-track tunnel, or the same side of the single-track tunnel. Dynamic responses of the leading vehicle are more significant than those of the middle and tail carriages. The lateral displacement and rolling angle of all carriages fluctuate around 1 Hz. The transient aerodynamic loads at the tunnel exit have a greater effect on the wheel unloading ratios of the train as the decrease of the vehicle loads and the increase of wind velocities. When the wind speed exceeds to 21 m/s, there is a safety risk for the unloaded high-speed train passing through the tunnel exit. Considering characteristics of mountain railway tunnels, the influences of tunnel types, wind angles and wind velocities are discussed, which provide a reference for the running safety study of the train under strong wind conditions in mountain railways.

Key words: high-speed train, wind environment, aerodynamics, vehicle system dynamics

CLC Number:

U270
U272

HU Yanlin, LING Liang, ZHANG Heng, WANG Kaiyun. Dynamic Behavior of High-speed Train Passing through the Tunnel Exit under Strong Wind Environment at Mountain Railway[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(10): 349-358.

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