Influence of Vortex Generator Height on Dynamic Stall of Wind Turbine Airfoil

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.08.291

Abstract

Abstract: Based on transition SST k-ω turbulence model, the DU91-W2-250 airfoil is used to study the effect of the height of vortex generator (VG) on the dynamic stall. The flow control effects of VG with four heights of h=5, 6, 7.5 and 10 mm are discussed in terms of lift-drag coefficient, velocity profile, stream-wise vortex and vortex field.The findings indicate that an increase in VG height significantly improves lift, maximizes the increase in drag, and enhances drag reduction during the down pitch phase.Compared to a smooth airfoil section, the airfoil section with VG exhibits greater kinetic energy in the boundary layer and smaller boundary layer thickness. The higher the height of VG generate increased streamwise vortex strength and are less affected by the angle of attack, with higher vortex core altitude and less dissipation. Overall, It is found that the VG with h=7.5 mm has the most significant effect on lift-increasing and resistance reduction in the down pitch phase, and increases the boundary layer fluid kinetic energy to a greater extent, and its stream-wise vortex chordal control is wider and less dissipative, which can effectively suppress the flow separation.

Key words: flow control, vortex generator, DU91-W2-250, dynamic stall

CLC Number:

TK83

FENG Junxin, ZHAO Zhenzhou, CHEN Ming, JIANG Ruifang, WANG Dingding, LIU Yige. Influence of Vortex Generator Height on Dynamic Stall of Wind Turbine Airfoil[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(8): 291-298.

References

[1] TAYLOR H D. The elimination of diffuser separation by vortex generator[R]. East Hartford：Connecticut，UAC，1947.
[2] 徐志明，韩志敏，王景涛，等. 卧式半圆柱型涡流发生器的传热与阻力特性及场协同理论分析[J]. 机械工程学报，2016，52(2)：166-172. XU Zhiming，HAN Zhimin，WANG Jingtao，et al. Heat transfer and flow resistance characteristics of the horizontal semi-cylindrical vortex generators and analysis with field synergy theory[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2016，52(2)：166-172.
[3] 汪健生，王晓，朱强，等. 湍流边界层内钝体扰流的流动与传热特性[J]. 机械工程学报，2015，51(24)：168-176. WANG Jiansheng，WANG Xiao，ZHU Qiang，et al. Flow and heat transfer characteristics of flow past the bluff body in turbulent boundary layer[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2015，51(24)：168-176.
[4] TIMMER W A，VANROOY R P J O M. Wind tunnel results for a 25% thick wind turbine blade airfoil[C]// European Community Wind Energy Conference，Berlin，1993.
[5] 李涛，赵振宙，陈景茹，等. 考虑转捩的风力机涡流发生器数值模拟[J]. 机械工程学报，2017，53(4)：149-154. LI Tao，ZHAO Zhenzhou，CHEN Jingru，et al. Numerical simulation of the wind turbine vortex generators with transition modeling[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2017，53(4)：149-154.
[6] ZHANG L，YANG K，XU J Z. Effects on wind turbine airfoils by vortex generators[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics，2010，31(5)：749-752.
[7] LIN J C. Review of research on low-profile vortex generators to control boundary-layer separation[J]. Progress in Aerospace Sciences，2002，38(4-5)：389-420.
[8] OMAR M F，MARC M，OMAR I，et al. Design optimization of the aerodynamic passive flow control on NACA 4415 airfoil using vortex generators[J]. European Journal of Mechanics /B Fluids，2016，56：156-158.
[9] BALDACCHINO D，FERREIRA C，TAVERNIER D D，et al. Experimental parameter study for passive vortex generators on a 30% thick airfoil[J]. Wind Energy，2018，21(9)：745-765.
[10] MARTINEZ F P，FERNANDEZ G U，ZULUETA E，et al. Parametric study of low-profile vortex generators[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy，2017，42(28)： 17700-17712.
[11] 赵振宙，李涛，王同光，等.基于转捩模型的风力机涡流发生器气动特性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报，2016，36(10)：2721-2727. ZHAO Zhenzhou，LI Tao，WANG Tongguang，et al. Aerodynamic characteristics analysis of wind turbine vortex generator based on transition model[J]. Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering，2016，36(10)：2721-2727.
[12] 汪泉，杨书益，胡梦杰，等. 气动翼型涡流发生器与风力机翼型同步优化设计[J]. 机械设计与制造，2021，10(1)：1-7. WANG Quan，YANG Shuyi，HU Mengjie，et al. Aerodynamic shape integrated design of wind turbine airfoils and vortex generators[J]. Machinery Design & Manufacture，2021，10(1)：1-7.
[13] 戴丽萍，许雅苹，周强，等. 涡流发生器对风力机翼型动态失速的影响[J]. 工程热物理学报，2018，39(8)：1707-1712 DAI Liping，XU Yaping，ZHOU Qiang，et al. Effect of vortex generators on wind turbine airfoil in dynamic stall[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics，2018，39(8)：1707-1712.
[14] TAVERNIER D D，FERREIRA C，VIRÉ A，et al. Controlling dynamic stall using vortex generators on a wind turbine airfoil[J]. Renewable Energy，2021，172：1194-1211.
[15] 赵振宙，苏德程，王同光，等. 涡流发生器对动态失速影响的模拟研究[J]. 机械工程学报，2019，55(24)：203-209. ZHAO Zhenzhou，SU Decheng，WANG Tongguang，et al. Simulation study on the effect of vortex generators on dynamic stall[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2019，55(24)：203-209.
[16] 赵振宙，孟令玉，王同光，等. 涡流发生器对风力机翼段动态失速影响[J]. 哈尔滨工程大学学报，2021，42(2)：233-239. ZHAO Zhenzhou，MENG Lingyu，WANG Tongguang，et al. Influence of vortex generators on dynamic stall of wind turbine airfoil segment[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering university，2021，42(2)：233-239.
[17] 冯俊鑫，赵振宙，江瑞芳，等. 振荡参数对涡流发生器抑制风力机翼型动态失速影响研究[J]. 机械工程学报，2023，59(2)：251-258. FENG Junxin，ZHAO Zhenzhou，JIANG Ruifang，et al. Research on effect of vortex generator on dynamic stall of wind turbine blade at different oscillation parameters[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2023，59(2)：251-258.
[18] 赵振宙，孟令玉，苏德程，等. 涡流发生器形状对风力机翼段动态失速的影响[J]. 工程热物理学报，2021，42(8)：1989-1996. ZHAO Zhenzhou，MENG Lingyu，SU Decheng，et al. Effect of vortex generator shape on dynamic stall of wind turbine airfoil[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics，2021，42(8)：1989-1996.
[19] 冯俊鑫，赵振宙，刘惠文，等. 涡流发生器形状对DU91-W2-250翼型动态失速的影响机理分析[J]. 太阳能学报，2022，43(12)：368-374. FENG Junxin，ZHAO Zhenzhou，LIU Huiwen，et al. Analysis of influence machism of VGs shape parameters on dynamic stall of DU91-W2-250 airfoil[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica，2022，43(12)：368-374.
[20] RAMSAY R F，HOFFMAN M J，GREGOREK G M. Effects of grit roughness and pitch oscillations on the S809 airfoil[R]. NREL/TP-442-7817，1995.