Abstract: Industry 4.0 reinforces the highly transformative impact brought by digitization, data-driven and interconnected industries. However, it does not emphasize the importance of research and innovation in supporting industry to provide long-term services to mankind all over the world, nor does it solve the problems of how to use technological innovation to promote cooperation and “win-win” interaction between industry and society. Industry 5.0 systematically proposes to take industrial workers as the core of industrial production, so as to achieve social goals beyond employment and growth and steadily provide prosperity. Nevertheless, as a rethinking of the future industry development, Industrial 5.0 is still in its infancy with respect to research, and there are only few unsystematic research results presented. By reviewing the background of emergence of Industrial 5.0 and the history of the concept evolution, the paper analyzes the differences between Industrial 5.0 and Industrial 4.0, and summarizes four main characteristics of Industrial 5.0, including human-centric, sustainability, resilience and wisdom. Furthermore, we systematically explain the connotation of Industrial 5.0, and discuss the relationship between the concepts of industry 5.0 and society 5.0. Finally, we construct the three-dimensional architecture of Industrial 5.0, propose the enabling technologies of Industrial 5.0, and investigate the implementation approach of Industrial 5.0.

Key words: Industrial 5.0, Industrial 4.0, Society 5.0, intelligent manufacturing, human-cyber-physical systems, human-centric, knowledge driven, resilience