Research Status and Development Trends of Brake Force-amplifying Transmission Mechanisms

doi:10.3901/JME.260284

Abstract

Abstract: With the accelerated development of vehicle electrification and intelligence, vehicle brakes are evolving from conventional purely mechanical components toward integrated electromechanical units, whose performance is directly related to driving safety. As a core component of braking systems, the force-amplifying transmission mechanism is regarded as a decisive factor influencing braking performance and has consequently attracted sustained research interest. A systematic review of commonly used force-amplifying transmission mechanisms in automotive brakes is presented, including lever-type, wedge-slider, and screw-based configurations, with emphasis placed on their operating principles, performance characteristics, and application progress, together with a comparative analysis of their respective advantages and limitations. Subsequently, the current application status of key technologies, such as multi-objective topology optimization, contact stress analysis, and fatigue life prediction, in the design of force-amplifying transmission mechanisms is discussed, highlighting the necessity of coordinated optimization between lightweight design and structural strength. Furthermore, the application of force-amplifying transmission mechanisms in electro-mechanical brake(EMB) systems is reviewed, with particular emphasis placed on recent technological advances and remaining challenges associated with ball-ramp force amplification and ball screw mechanisms. Finally, future development trends of force-amplifying transmission mechanisms are explored, indicating that breakthroughs in precision manufacturing, innovations in dual-layer or non-conventional force-amplifying structures, and the integration of intelligent algorithms are required to resolve the inherent trade-offs among high amplification ratio, dynamic response, and durability, thereby meeting the increasingly stringent demands of intelligent vehicles for braking response speed, control accuracy, and system reliability.

Key words: brake, force-amplifying mechanism, multi-objective optimization, fatigue life prediction, electro-mechanical brake system

CLC Number:

U463

FENG Xiaoming, WAN Zhenping, SUN Dongsheng, LONG Yuanxiang. Research Status and Development Trends of Brake Force-amplifying Transmission Mechanisms[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(8): 1-20.

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