Research on Guide Rail Straightness Tolerance Design Method of Precision Horizontal Coordinate Boring Considering the Compensability of Error

doi:10.3901/JME.260700

Abstract

Abstract: In view of the waste of design resources and manufacturing costs caused by the isolation of the current precision design and error compensation research of precision machine tools, the straightness tolerance design of the precision horizontal coordinate boring guide rail considering the influence of compensable errors is studied. Firstly, based on the principle of virtual displacement and the principle of minimum energy, the transfer model from the straightness error of guide rail to the 5-dimensional error of moving parts is established. Then, the sensitivity analysis of single-axis error and straightness error of guide rail to spatial error is carried out respectively, and the influence of each error source on spatial error is revealed. Thirdly, the compensable error sources and non-compensable error sources are classified based on the error transfer matrix. Based on this, only the non-compensable straightness tolerance of guide rail is designed, which significantly reduces the design difficulty and task amount. The design results were transferred to the workspace for verification through the error model. The results show that the design tolerance meets the design requirements. The proposed method provides a new idea and a new means for improving the geometric accuracy of machine tools.

Key words: precision design, error compensation ability, error modelling, sensitivity analysis, horizontal coordinate boring

CLC Number:

TH161

ZHANG Xiangpeng, TIAN Wenjie, GAO Weiguo, ZHANG Dawei. Research on Guide Rail Straightness Tolerance Design Method of Precision Horizontal Coordinate Boring Considering the Compensability of Error[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(13): 335-348.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

URL: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/EN/10.3901/JME.260700

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/EN/Y2026/V62/I13/335

References

[1] RAMESH R，MANNAN M A，POO A N. Error compensation in machine tools-a review：Part I：Geometric，cutting-force induced and fixture-dependent errors[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture，2000，40(9)：1235-1256.
[2] ZHU Shaowei，DING Guofu，QIN Shengfeng，et al. Integrated geometric error modeling，identification and compensation of CNC machine tools[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture，2012，52(1)：24-29.
[3] ZHANG Ziling，LIU Zhifeng，CHENG Qiang，et al. An approach of comprehensive error modeling and accuracy allocation for the improvement of reliability and optimization of cost of a multi-axis NC machine tool[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology，2017，89：561-579.
[4] 田文杰，牛文铁，常文芬，等. 数控机床几何精度溯源方法研究[J]. 机械工程学报，2014，50(7)：128-134. TIAN Wenjie，NIU Wentie，CHANG Wenfen，et al. Research on geometric error tracing of NC machine tools[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2014，50(7)：128-134.
[5] 刘阔，韩伟，王永青，等. 数控机床进给轴热误差补偿技术研究综述[J]. 机械工程学报，2021，57(3)：156-173. LIU Kuo，HAN Wei，WANG Yongqing，et al. Review on thermal error compensation for feed axes of CNC machine tools[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2021，57(3)：156-173.
[6] WANG Sitong，HE Gaiyun，ZHANG Dawei，et al. Innovative design methods for the geometric accuracy of machine tool guide rail oriented to spatial accuracy[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes，2024，119：483-498.
[7] HU Zongyan，WANG Shilong，MA Chi. Precision allocation method of large-scale CNC hobbing machine based on precision-cost comprehensive optimization[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology，2023，126：3453-3474.
[8] WU Haorong，LI Xiaoxiao，SUN Fuchun，et al. Optimization design method of machine tool static geometric accuracy using tolerance modeling[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology，2022，118：1793-1809.
[9] CAI Ligang，ZHANG Ziling，CHENG Qiang，et al. An approach to optimize the machining accuracy retainability of multi-axis NC machine tool based on robust design[J]. Precision Engineering，2016，43：370-386.
[10] WU Haorong，ZHENG Hualin，LI Xiaoxiao，et al. A geometric accuracy analysis and tolerance robust design approach for a vertical machining center based on the reliability theory[J]. Measurement，2020，161：107809.
[11] TAO Haohao，LI Tongjie，CHEN Feng，et al. An approach for optimal tolerance allocation of five-axis machine tools by simultaneously considering volumetric error and processing simplicity index[J]. Precision Engineering，2024，85：226-240.
[12] ZHANG Xiangpeng，TIAN Wenjie，SUN Yongjie，et al. Spatial error prediction method for precision machine tools considering the influence of repeatability error[J]. Measurement，2024，232：114721.
[13] WU Yingchun，SHEN Jianxin. Analysis and improvement of the positioning accuracy of rotary axes of compound machine tools based on pitch error compensation[J]. Measurement Science and Technology，2020，31(11)：115003.
[14] ZHANG Laixi，WANG Xingsong，CAO Jun. Measurement and compensation of pitch error based on GMA with elimination of its hysteresis[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology，2014，28：1855-1866.
[15] GAO Wei，IBARAKI S，DONMEZ M A，et al. Machine tool calibration：Measurement，modeling，and compensation of machine tool errors[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture，2023，187：104017.
[16] LI Qingzhao，WANG Wei，ZHANG Jing，et al. Measurement method for volumetric error of five-axis machine tool considering measurement point distribution and adaptive identification process[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture，2019，147：103465.
[17] 韩飞飞，赵继，张雷，等. 数控机床几何精度综合解析与试验研究[J]. 机械工程学报，2012，48(21)：141-148. HAN Feifei，ZHAO Ji，ZHANG Lei，et al. Synthetical analysis and experimental study of the geometric accuracy of CNC machine tools[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2012，48(21)：141-148.
[18] 张虎，周云飞，唐小琦，等. 多轴数控机床几何误差的软件补偿技术[J]. 机械工程学报，2001，37(11)：58-61. ZHANG Hu，ZHOU Yunfei，TANG Xiaoqi，et al. Software compensation technique of the volumetric errors of CNC machining centers[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2001，37(11)：58-61.
[19] WANG Sitong，HE Gaiyun，TIAN Wenjie，et al. Geometric error identification method for machine tools based on the spatial body diagonal error model[J]. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology，2022，121(11)：7997-8017.
[20] YAO Sihan，HUANG Haozhen，TIAN Wenjie，et al. Simultaneous identification for geometric error of dual rotary axes in five-axis machine tools[J]. Measurement，2023，220：113368.
[21] ZHANG Jun，LI Bo，ZHOU Changxing，et al. Positioning error prediction and compensation of ball screw feed drive system with different mounting conditions[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers，Part B：Journal of Engineering Manufacture，2016，230(12)：2307-2311.
[22] OSEI S，WANG Wei，DING Qicheng. A new method to identify the position-independent geometric errors in the rotary axes of five-axis machine tools[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes，2023，87：46-53.
[23] WANG Wei，TIAN Wei，LIAO Wenhe，et al. Error compensation of industrial robot based on deep belief network and error similarity[J]. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing，2022，73：102220.
[24] 傅建中，姚鑫骅，贺永，等. 数控机床热误差补偿技术的发展状况[J]. 航空制造技术，2010(4)：64-66. FU Jianzhong，YAO Xinhua，HE Yong，et al. Development of thermal error compensation technology for NC machine tool[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology，2010(4)：64-66.
[25] 李媛，曲航，戴野，等. 电主轴热误差补偿技术的研究进展[J]. 航空制造技术，2022，65(11)：87-97. LI Yuan，QU Hang，DAI Ye，et al. Research advances in thermal error compensation technology for motorized spindle[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology，2022，65(11)：87-97.
[26] FAN Kaiguo，YANG Jianguo，YANG Liyan. Unified error model based spatial error compensation for four types of CNC machining center：Part II-unified model based spatial error compensation[J]. Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing，2014，49(1-2)：63-76.