Research on the Influence of Excitation Parameters on Butterfly Diagram of Q235 Steel’s Incremental Permeability

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.02.027

Abstract

Abstract: Incremental permeability detection is a new electromagnetic non-destructive testing method, which can realize the quantitative or qualitative detection and evaluation of many properties of ferromagnetic materials. Since the characteristic value of the incremental permeability signal is easily affected by electromagnetic, different excitation conditions will affect the final evaluation result, and there are no studies to analyze the influence of excitation parameters on the butterfly chart of the incremental permeability. By conducting incremental permeability experiments with changes in various excitation parameters, the frequency, intensity, superposition direction of high-frequency/low-frequency magnetization and the influence of the lift-off effect were analyzed, and the change law of the incremental permeability under different excitation parameters was explored. The results showed that the intensity, frequency, direction and lift-off effect of the high-frequency/low-frequency magnetic field had different effects on the incremental permeability signal and the characteristic value of the butterfly diagram. It lays a theoretical foundation for signal analysis and industrial application of incremental permeability detection method.

Key words: non-destructive testing, incremental permeability, excitation parameters, coercivity

CLC Number:

TG115

TU Hongming, WU Jianbo, KE Rui, XIA Hui, CHEN Xiaotian, MACIEJ Roskosz. Research on the Influence of Excitation Parameters on Butterfly Diagram of Q235 Steel’s Incremental Permeability[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(2): 27-35.

References

[1] 冉启芳.无损检测方法的分类及其特征简介[J].无损检测, 1999(2):75-80.
RAN Qifang. Brief Introduction of nondestructive testing techniques and their characteristics[J]. Nondestructive Testing, 1999(2):75-80.
[2] 林俊明.电磁无损检测技术的发展与新成果[J].工程与试验, 2011, 51(1):1-5, 29.
LIN Junming. Development and new progress on electromagnetic test technology[J]. Engineering& Test, 2011, 51(1):1-5, 29.
[3] TOMILOV B V. Apparatus for measuring reversible magnetic permeability and its derivatives[J]. Measurement Techniques, 1971, 14(12):1880-1882.
[4] 刘佳琪.基于增量磁导率的铁磁性材料机械性能定量检测[D].南京:南京航空航天大学, 2019.
LIU Jiaqi. Quantitative nondestructive testing of mechanical properties in ferromagnetic materials based on incremental permeability[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019.
[5] GABI Y, WOLTER B, GERBERSHAGEN A, et al. FEM simulations of incremental permeability signals of a multi-layer steel with consideration of the hysteretic behavior of each layer[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2014, 50(4):1-4.
[6] CHEN H E, XIE S, ZHOU H, et al. Numerical simulation of magnetic incremental permeability for ferromagnetic material[J]. International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics & Mechanics, 2014, 45(1-4):379-386.
[7] DUCHARNE B, GUPTA B, SEBALD G, et al. Dynamic hysteresis lump model including fractional operators for the incremental permeability nondestructive testing[C]//18th International Symposium on Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics (ISEM), Chamonix, France, 2017.
[8] GABI Y, K JACOB, WOLTER B, et al. Analysis of incremental and differential permeability in NDT via 3D-simulation and experiment[J]. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2020, 505(379-386):166695.
[9] GERD D. Physical basics and industrial applications of 3MA-micromagnetic multiparameter microstructure and stress analysis[C/CD]//Electromagnetic Nondestructive Evaluation (XI), Amsterdan, Netherlands, 2008.
[10] 刘佳琪, 李开宇, 高雯娟, 等.基于增量磁导率的材料应力检测研究[C/CD]//2017远东无损检测新技术论坛, 西安, 2017.
LIU Jiaqi, LI Kaiyu, GAO Wenjuan, et al. Research on material stress detection based on magnetic incremental permeability[C/CD]//Proceedings of 2017 Far East New Technology Forum on Nondestructive Testing, Xi'an, 2017.
[11] STASHKOV A N, SCHAPOVA E A, NICHIPURUK A P, et al. Magnetic incremental permeability as indicator of compression stress in low-carbon steel[J]. NDT & E International, 2021, 118(11):102398.
[12] CHEN H E, XIE S, CHEN Z, et al. Quantitative nondestructive evaluation of plastic deformation in carbon steel based on electromagnetic methods[J]. Materials Transactions, 2014, 55(12):1806-1815.
[13] 李丽娟, 解社娟, 陈洪恩, 等.碳钢塑性变形对增量磁导率信号的影响[J].中国机械工程, 2018, 29(14):1653-1660.
LI Lijuan, XIE Shejuan, CHEN Hongen, et al. Influence of plastic deformation on signals of magnetic incremental permeability for carbon steel[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 29(14):1653-1660.
[14] 何存富, 丁冬冬, 刘秀成, 等. 65Mn钢板电镀镍层厚度的增量磁导率检测方法[J].北京工业大学学报, 2020, 46(7):727-733.
HE Cunfu, DING Dongdong, LIU Xiucheng, et al. Magnetic incremental permeability detection method for measuring the thickness of nickel layer of 65Mn steel plate[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2020, 46(7):727-733.
[15] GABI Y, WOLTER B, GERBERSHAGEN A, et al.Electromagnetic examination of hardened depth of steel using 2D nonlinear hysteresis FEM analysis[C/OL] //11th European Conference on Non-Destructive Testing, 2014.[2018-11-05]. https://www.ndt.net/events/ECNDT2014 /app/content/paper/204_Gabi.pdf.
[16] GRIMBERG R, LEITOIU S, BRADU B E, et al. Magnetic sensor used for the determination of fatigue state in ferromagnetic steels[J]. Sensors & Actuators A Physical, 2000, 81(1-3):371-373.
[17] MATSUMOTO T, UCHIMOTO T, TAKAGI T, et al. Evaluation of chill structure in ductile cast iron by incremental permeability method[J]. International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics & Mechanics, 2016, 52(3-4):1599-1605.
[18] SZIELASKO K, MIRONENKO I, ALTPETER I, et al. Minimalistic devices and sensors for micromagnetic materials characterization[J]. Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on, 2013, 49(1):101-104.
[19] LI Kaiyu, LI Lei, WANG Ping, et al. A fast and non-destructive method to evaluate yield strength of cold-rolled steel via incremental permeability[J]. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2020, 498:166087.
[20] GUPTA B, UCHIMOTO T, DUCHARNE B, et al. Magnetic incremental permeability non-destructive evaluation of 12 Cr-Mo-W-V steel creep test samples with varied ageing levels and thermal treatments[J]. NDT & E International, 2019, 104(6):42-50.
[21] MINNICH S H. Incremental permeabilities for transient analysis of large turbine generators by the finite-lement method[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1981, 52(3):2428-2430.
[22] 杨理践, 孙靖萌, 高松巍, 等.激励信号对铁磁性材料矫顽力检测的影响[J].无损探伤, 2016, 40(3):10-13, 41.
YANG Lijian, SUN Jingmeng, GAO Songwei, et al. Influence of excitation signal on testing of coercive force of ferromagnetic materials[J]. Nondestructive Testing, 2016, 40(3):10-13, 41.