Electromagnetic Vibration Analysis Method of Electrical Machines Based on Electromagnetic-structural-circuit Bidirectional Couplings

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.11.156

Abstract

Abstract: Electromagnetic vibration of the electrical machine is generated by the interaction between the motors' electromagnetic fields and the structural fields. To study the electromagnetic vibration problem of the electrical machine, it is necessary to consider this electromagnetic-structural bidirectional coupling relationship. An electromagnetic-structural-circuit bi-directional couplings method is proposed by combining the motor drive and control system. Firstly, the dynamic model of the rotor and stator under the condition of electromagnetic-structural bidirectional coupling is established, and based on the field-circuit coupling equations, the connection between the circuit and the electromagnetic field is established. Next, a cyclic iterative method of electromagnetic-structural-circuit bidirectional coupling for the electromagnetic vibration of motors is proposed, and the key issues that need to be addressed in the multi-field bidirectional coupling analysis have been analyzed. Then, a node labeling method for multi-field coupling analysis is proposed to achieve fast and accurate data transfer and exchange between the motors' electromagnetic fields and structural fields. Finally, some experiments and analysis are carried out in a 1 MW 4-pole 72-slot permanent magnet synchronous motor in order to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the cyclic iterative analysis method of motor electromagnetic vibration with electromagnetic-structural-circuit bidirectional couplings. It is shown that the proposed node labeling and electromagnetic-structural-circuit bidirectional coupling cyclic iterative analysis method can achieve the accurate transfer of the information between the nodes in different field meshes, and can take into account the influences of rotor eccentricity, structure, bearing, drive and control systems on the electromagnetic vibration characteristics of the motor, which provides a feasible method for the accurate prediction of the electromagnetic vibration and noise of the motor.

Key words: electrical machines, electromagnetic vibration, electromagnetic-structural bi-direction coupling, field-circuit coupling

CLC Number:

TM341

XU Chenqi, ZHU Changsheng. Electromagnetic Vibration Analysis Method of Electrical Machines Based on Electromagnetic-structural-circuit Bidirectional Couplings[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(11): 156-168.

References

[1] 陈永校,诸自强,应善成.电机噪声的分析和控制[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,1987.CHEN Yongxiao,ZHU Ziqiang,YING Shancheng.Analysis and control of motor noise[M].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,1987.
[2] GIERAS J F,Wang Chong,LAI J.Noise of polyphase electric motors[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,2018.
[3] TSYPKIN M.The origin of the electromagnetic vibration of induction motors operating in modern industry:Practical experience-analysis and diagnostics[J].IEEE Trans.on Ind.Applications,2017,53(2):1669-1676.
[4] FINLEY W,SAUER B,LOUTFI M.Motor vibration problems:How to diagnose and correct vibration errors[J].IEEE Industry Applications Magazine,2015,21(6):14-28.
[5] 王玎,祝长生,符嘉靖.基于有限元的异步电机电磁振动分析[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(2):140-144,154.WANG Ding,ZHU Changsheng,FU Jiajing.Electroma-gnetically excited vibration analysis for an asynchronyous electrical machine with finite element method[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(2):140-144,154.
[6] YIM K,JANG J,JANG G,et al.Forced vibration analysis of an IPM motor for electrical vehicles due to magnetic force[J].IEEE Trans.on Magnetics,2012,48(11):2981-2984.
[7] 杨浩东.永磁同步电机电磁振动分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2011.YANG Haodong.Electromagnetic vibration analysis of permanent magnet synchronous motor[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2011.
[8] TORREGROSSA D,FAHIMI B,PEYRAUT F,et al.Fast computation of electromagnetic vibrations in electrical machines via field reconstruction method and knowledge of mechanical impulse response[J].IEEE Trans.on Ind.Electronics,2012,59(2):839-847.
[9] VERDYCK D,BELMANS R,An acoustic model for a permanent magnet machine:modal shapes and magnetic forces[J].IEEE Trans.on Ind.Applications,1994,30(6):1625-1631.
[10] BRACIKOWSKI N,HECQUET M,BROCHET P,et al,Multiphysics modeling of a permanent magnet synchronous machine by using lumped models[J].IEEE Trans.on Ind.Electronics,2012,59(6):2426-2437.
[11] 李瑞,王强,林棻,等.磁固耦合效应下集成式永磁电动轮定子振动响应与结构优化研究[J].重庆理工大学学报,2022,36(9):15-24,7.LI Rui,WANG Qiang,LIN Fen,et al.Vibration response and structural optimization for the stator of integrated permanent magnet in⁃wheel motor under magnetism and solid coupling effect[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Technology,2022,36(9):15-24,7.
[12] 李晓华,黄苏融,李良梓.电动汽车用永磁同步电机振动噪声的计算与分析[J].电机与控制学报,2013,17(8):37-42.LI Xiaohua,HUANG Surong,LI Liangzi.Calculation and analysis of vehicle vibration and noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor applied in electric vehicle[J].Electric Machines and Control,2013,17(8):37-42.
[13] FURLAN M,CERNIGOJ A,BOLTEZAR M.A coupled electro-magnetic-mechanical-acoustic model of a DC electric motor[J].COMPEL-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering,2003,22(4):1155-1165.
[14] BOESING M,SCHOENEN T,KASPER K,et al.Vibration synthesis for electrical machines based on force response superposition[J].IEEE Trans.on Magnetics,2010,46(8):2986-2989.
[15] BRACIKOWSKI N,HECQUET M,BROCHET P,et al.Multi-physics modeling of a permanent magnet synchronous machine by using lumped models[J].IEEE Trans.on Ind.Electronics,2012,59(6):2426-2437.
[16] LEE C,SEOL H,LEE J,et al.Optimization of vibration and noise characteristics of skewed permanent brushless direct current motor[J].IEEE Trans.on Magnetics,2017,53(11):1-5.
[17] DENG Wenzhe,ZUO Shuguang.Analytical modeling of the electromagnetic vibration and noise for an external-rotor axial-flux in-wheel motor[J].IEEE Trans.on Ind.Electronics,2018,65(3):1991-2000.
[18] LU Yang,LI Jian,QU Ronghai,et al.Electro magnetic Force and vibration analysis of permanent-magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance machines[J].IEEE Trans.on Ind.Applications,2018,54(5):4246-4256.
[19] REN Z,RAZEK A.Modelling of dynamical behaviours of electro-magneto-mechanical coupled systems[C].1994 Second International Conference on Computation in Electromagnetics.1994:20-23.
[20] 郭少华.多场耦合动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2017.GUO Shaohua.Multi-field coupling dynamics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2017.
[21] NAM J,KANG C,SONG J,et al.Comparison of one-way and two-way coupled analyses of electro-magnetic machines considering magnetic and structural interactions[J].AIP Advances,2017,7(5):056637.
[22] BELAHCEN A.Magnetoelastic coupling in rotating electrical machines[J].IEEE Trans.on Magnetics,2005,41(5):1624-1627.
[23] BELAHCEN A.Vibrations of rotating electrical machines due to magnetomechanical coupling and magneto-striction[J].IEEE Trans.on Magnetics,2006,42(4):971-974.
[24] FONTEYN K,BELAHCEN A,KOUHIA R,et al.FEM for directly coupled magneto-mechanical phenomena in electrical machines[J].IEEE Trans.on Magnetics,2010,46(8):2923-2926.
[25] 肖阳,宋金元,屈仁浩,等.变频谐波对电机振动噪声特性的影响规律[J].电工技术学报,2021,36(12):2607-2615.XIAO Yang,SONG Jinyuan,QU Renhao,et al.The effect of harmonics on electromagnetic vibration and noise characteristic in inverter-duty motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2021,36(12):2607-2615.
[26] 林福,左曙光,毛钰,等.考虑电流谐波的永磁同步电机电磁振动和噪声半解析模型[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(9):24-31.LIN Fu,ZUO Shuguang,MAO Yu,et al.Semi-analytical model of vibration and noise for PMSM considering current harmonics[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(9):24-31.
[27] 钟一谔.转子动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1987.ZHONG Yie.Rotor dynamics[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1987.
[28] 王波.考虑壳体变形影响的电机磁固耦合振动分析[D].重庆:重庆理工大学,2018.WANG Bo.Magneto-mechanical coupling vibration analysis of motor considering the influence of shell deformation[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University of Technology,2018.
[29] 祝长生,徐晨期.基于标记点的电机磁固热多场耦合振动分析方法:中国,202110628641.1[P].2021-10-15.