Modeling and Dynamic Analysis of Mechanic-electro-road Coupling System of Electric Vehicles

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.12.051

Abstract

Abstract: The increase in the unsprung mass of the electric vehicle driven by the in-wheel motor enlarges the tire dynamic loads, and the electromagnetic force of the motor will aggravate the vehicle vibration too. In the meanwhile, the vehicle and the road are interacted with each other through dynamic tire forces. In order to explore the vibration mechanism of electric vehicles, a non-linear dynamic model of the mechanic-electro-road coupling system for the electric vehicle is established, which takes into account the non-linearity of suspension stiffness, damping and tire stiffness. Based on the traditional road surface irregularity excitation, the electromagnetic excitation of the in-wheel motor and the road secondary excitation caused by the vehicle-road coupling are also considered. The expression of the electromagnetic excitation of the motor is analytically deduced, the three-dimensional solid finite element model of the in-wheel motor is established, the magnetic flux distribution and electromagnetic torque are calculated, and the validity of the theoretical results is verified. The modal superposition method is used to derive the vertical displacement response of the viscoelastic beam on the foundation simply supported at both ends, which is the secondary excitation of the road considered in the coupled system model. Taking vehicle body acceleration, suspension dynamic deflection, tire force and tire quartic force as evaluation indicators, the effects of electromagnetic excitation, road secondary excitation, vehicle driving speed and vehicle nonlinearity on vehicle vibration and road friendliness are analyzed. It is shown that vehicle nonlinearity has the greatest impact on vehicle vibration and road friendliness, followed by electromagnetic excitation, and road surface secondary excitation; When the vehicle is running at higher speed, the vehicle body vibration intensifies and the impact of vehicle load on road damage is more significant; On the flatter road, the influences of the above three factors are more obvious. The proposed vehicle and motor, road and integrated modeling ideas can provide reference for the dynamic design of electric vehicles and road-friendliness research.

Key words: electric vehicle, electromagnetic excitation, secondary excitation of road surface, ride comfort, road friendliness

CLC Number:

U469

LI Shaohua, LUO Haihan, FENG Guizhen, YANG Jiansen. Modeling and Dynamic Analysis of Mechanic-electro-road Coupling System of Electric Vehicles[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(12): 51-61.

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