Analysis of Symmetric Landing Characteristics and Failure Probability of Ski-type Helicopter on Snow-covered Pavemnt

doi:10.3901/JME.260467

Abstract

Abstract: The ski-type landing gear can effectively support aircraft for safe landing on snow-covered pavement and has irreplaceable application value. Due to the essential differences in both ground contact components and pavement characteristics compared with conventional landing gear, existing research findings on conventional landing gear are difficult to apply to the analysis of the snow surface motion characteristics of ski-type aircraft. To address the lack of research on the snow surface motion of ski-type aircraft, a systematic analysis of the symmetric landing motion characteristics and a failure probability assessment of ski-type helicopters on snow-covered pavement are conducted. Firstly, based on the finite element simulation results, the traditional Gonthier contact force formula is modified, and a dynamic ground load model for ski-type landing gear is proposed. Secondly, a nonlinear dynamic model for the landing and taxiing of ski-type helicopters is established to analyze the influence laws of different motion state parameters on the symmetric landing characteristics of helicopters. Finally, the calculation and analysis of the symmetric landing failure probability of ski-type helicopters on snow-covered pavement are completed based on the support vector machine method. The research results show that, when a helicopter lands and taxis on a snow-covered pavement, the heading snow-pushing resistance on the skis generates a large nose-down moment on the aircraft's center of mass, causing the vertical ground load to transfer to the front main landing gear. The minimum pitch angle during the dynamic landing process of the helicopter decreases gradually with the increase of heading speed and pitch angle. At the same time, the landing failure probability of the helicopter increases rapidly with the increase of heading speed, and when the heading speed exceeds 8.5 m/s, the landing failure probability is higher than 1×10^-5.

Key words: ski-type helicopter, snow-covered pavement, symmetric landing characteristics, failure probability analysis

CLC Number:

V226

NI Huajin, YANG Xinwang, YAN Yumeng, LIANG Taotao, NIE Hong, WEI Xiaohui, YIN Yin. Analysis of Symmetric Landing Characteristics and Failure Probability of Ski-type Helicopter on Snow-covered Pavemnt[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(12): 425-442.

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URL: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/EN/10.3901/JME.260467

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