Analysis of Flow Characteristics of Submerged Water Jet Nozzle

doi:10.3901/JME.260128

Abstract

Abstract: In underwater scientific exploration, archaeology, military defense, and the search and recovery of wrecked airplanes and ships, removing sediment from the surface of objects is a critical step. Currently, standard methods for sediment removal include dredging and water jet scouring. Dredging is suitable for shallow water operations. However, in deep-sea environments, due to complex working conditions and the need for non-contact operations, water jet scouring has become a more practical technology because of its convenience, adaptability, and environmental friendliness. In water jet scouring operations, the nozzle is a key component, and its structure and parameters play a decisive role in the operation's effectiveness. Based on numerical simulations and theoretical analysis, this study investigates the effects of nozzle internal structure dimensions, jet angles, jet distances, and water supply pressures on jet performance. A collaborative optimization design method is proposed. The results show that the optimal sediment removal performance and highest scouring efficiency are achieved when the nozzle’s outlet diffusion angle is approximately 45°, and the jet distance is about 30 mm. The optimized nozzle demonstrates significant advantages regarding effective coverage area and jet velocity distribution. This study provides a theoretical foundation and technical support for developing deep-sea water jet scouring technology while laying the groundwork for nozzle applications in real marine environments. Future research will focus on the flow characteristics of the nozzle under high pressure, high sediment concentration, and other complex deep-sea conditions to optimize its design and enhance its adaptability.

Key words: sbmerged water jet nozzle, computational fluid dynamics, outlet diffusion angle, jet distance, nozzle flow characteristic, collaborative optimization design

CLC Number:

TH137

HU Xiguang, WU Defa, LIU Hanhui, LI Jiangxiong, JIANG Jize, LIU Yinshui. Analysis of Flow Characteristics of Submerged Water Jet Nozzle[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(4): 318-327.

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