Variable-rate-charging-based Real-time Charging Control Strategy for Residential Electric Vehicles for Load Flattening

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.12.217

Abstract

Abstract: A fast-solvable, user-centered, real-time electric vehicle(EV) charging control strategy using variable-rate charging approach has been proposed, aimed at peak load shaving and valley filling in residential scenarios where real-time interactions with the charging system are frequent. The load-flattening efficacy is validated through a pilot experiment in Beijing. Based on the historical baseline load data of residential areas, an aggregate EV charging target curve is formulated based on the approximation of load variance minimization objective function. Subsequently, optimized charging plans for each arriving vehicle are dynamically generated according to user flexibility. By adjusting charging power in real-time while meeting users' charging demands, the method seeks to closely track the optimized load target, thereby reducing both peak load and overall load variance. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed strategy achieves high online computational efficiency, and the generating time of the optimized charging plan for a single vehicle is 14 to 16 milliseconds, which supports rapid real-time interaction with users, and thus attracts more users to participate in charging regulation. Compared to uncontrolled charging, participating users of real-time charging control had an average charging delay of 3.33 hours, leading to an 11% reduction in the overall load variance of the residential area.

Key words: electric vehicles, charging strategy, peak load shaving and valley filling, charging load, user interaction

CLC Number:

TG156

LI Xiaohui, HUANG Zhijia, ZHANG Lei, WANG Zhenpo. Variable-rate-charging-based Real-time Charging Control Strategy for Residential Electric Vehicles for Load Flattening[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(12): 217-225.

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