Application of Self-nulling Pancake-tangent Eddy Current Probe for Mesoscopic Imaging of CFRP Composites

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.04.027

Abstract

Abstract: According to the weak conductivity of carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) composites and the structural characteristics of fiber/resin heterogeneous multiphase components，the eddy current imaging of fiber distributions and mesoscopic defects such as missing bundles，wrinkle and gaps within a microscopic size range of 1 micron to 1 mm in CFRP laminates is realized，by designing high resolution eddy current probe combined with spatial-frequency domain signal processing methods. The eddy current mesoscopic imaging technology is studied from the aspects of modeling and simulation of probe coupling characteristics and image feature extraction. The coupled impedance signal model of separated-coil probe and point spread function mathematical model are established. A self-nulling eddy current probe is designed and the structural parameters are determined by considering these two factors. Multi-directional CFRP laminates are detected and clear fiber texture and defect images are obtained. The image resolution is further improved by introducing novel feature parameter extraction method.

Key words: carbon fiber reinforced polymer, eddy current testing, mesoscopic imaging, impedance modeling, point spread function

CLC Number:

TM932

CHENG Jun, XU Shuai, WANG Buyun, XU Dezhang, YANG Jiquan, QIU Jinhao. Application of Self-nulling Pancake-tangent Eddy Current Probe for Mesoscopic Imaging of CFRP Composites[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(4): 27-35.

References

[1] 邢丽英,蒋诗才,周正刚. 先进树脂基复合材料制造技术进展[J]. 复合材料学报,2013,30(2):1-9. XING Liying,JIANG Shicai,ZHOU Zhenggang. Progress of manufacturing technology development of advanced polymer matrix composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2013,30(2):1-9.
[2] 武高辉. 金属基复合材料发展的挑战与机遇[J]. 复合材料学报,2014,31(5):1228-1237. WU Gaohui. Development challenge and opportunity of metal matrix composite[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2014,31(5):1228-1237.
[3] 马立敏,张嘉振,岳广全,等. 复合材料在新一代大型民用飞机中的应用[J]. 复合材料学报,2015,32(2):317-322. MA Limin,ZHANG Jiazhen,YUE Guangquan,et al. Application of composites in ne generation of large civil aircraft[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2015,32(2):317-322.
[4] 范孟豹,黄平捷,叶波,等. 多层导电结构电涡流检测探头阻抗解析模型及数值计算[J]. 机械工程学报,2009,45(6):50-54. FAN Mengbao,HUANG Pingjie,YE Bo,et al. Analytical model and numerical calculation of probe impedance due to multilayered conductive structures in eddy current testing[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(6):50-54.
[5] KOYAMA K,HOSHIKAWA H,HIRANO T. Investigation of impact damage of carbon fiber rainforced plastic by eddy current nondestructive testing[C/CD]//Smart Materials,Structures & NDT in Aerospace Conference,2011.
[6] 高宽厚,于亚婷,杨姣,等. 双层导电涂层厚度的涡流无损检测方法研究[J]. 机械工程学报,2017,53(14):128-133. GAO Kuanhou,YU Yating,YANG Jiao,et al. Study on eddy-current nondestructive testing method of the double-layers conductive coating thickness[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,53(14):128-133.
[7] ZENG Z,DING P,LI J,et al. Characteristics of eddy current attenuation and thickness measurement of metallic plate[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2019,32(1):1-9.
[8] YIN W,PHILIP J,UMESH S,et al. Noncontact charac-terization of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics using multi-frequency eddy current sensors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2009,58(3):738-743.
[9] XU X,JI H,QIU J,et al. Interlaminar contact resistivity and its influence on eddy currents in carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminates[J]. NDT & E International,2018,94:79-91.
[10] MOOK G,LANGE R,KOESER O. Non-destructive characterization of carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics by means of eddy-currents[J]. Composites Science and Technology,2001,61:865-873.
[11] HEUER H,SCHULZ M,POOCH M,et al. Review on quality assurance along the CFRP value chain-Non-destructive testing of fabrics,preforms and CFRP by HF radio wave techniques[J]. Composites Part B:Engineering,2015,77:494-501.
[12] 程军,杨继全,裘进浩,等. 基于涡流成像的碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料细观结构可视化[J]. 复合材料学报,2018(8):2074-2083. CHENG Jun,YANG Jiquan,QIU Jinhao,et al. Visualization of meso-structure of carbon fiber reinforced polymer based on eddy current imaging[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2018(8):2074-2083.
[13] SOPHIAN A,TIAN G,FAN M. Pulsed eddy current non-destructive testing and evaluation:A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,30(3):500-514.
[14] 任吉林,林俊明. 电磁无损检测[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2008. REN Jilin,LIN Junming. Electromagnetic nondestructive testing[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2008.
[15] CHENG J,QIU J,JI H,et al. Application of low frequency ECT method in noncontact detection and visualization of CFRP material[J]. Composites Part B Engineering,2017,110:141-152.
[16] MOOK G,MICHEL F,SIMONIN J. Electromagnetic imaging using probe arrays[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2011,24(3):227-236.
[17] 张晔,魏然. 基于成像机理分析的图像混叠去除[J]. 系统工程与电子技术,2015,37(3):679-687. ZHANG Ye,WEI Ran. Image aliasing-removing based on imaging-mechanism analysis[J]. System Engineering and Electronics,2015,37(3):679-687.
[18] ZHANG X,WU X. Image interpolation by adaptive 2-D autoregressive modeling and soft-decision estimation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing,2008,17(6):887-896.
[19] XIE S,CHEN Z,TAKAGI T,et al. Quantitative non-destructive evaluation of wall thinning defect in double-layer pipe of nuclear power plants using pulsed ECT method[J]. NDT & E International,2015,75:87-95.
[20] LI P,XIE S,WANG K,et al. A novel frequency-band-selecting pulsed eddy current testing method for the detection of a certain depth range of defects[J]. NDT & E International 2019,107:102154.
[21] XIE S,TIAN M,XIAO P,et al. A hybrid nondestructive testing method of pulsed eddy current testing and electromagnetic acoustic transducer techniques for simultaneous surface and volumetric defects inspection[J]. NDT & E International,2017,86:153-163.