电动车辆锂离子动力电池建模方法综述

doi:10.3901/JME.2017.16.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 电动车辆是可持续交通系统的重要组成部分，然而动力电池技术是目前制约电动车辆发展的关键瓶颈技术，其直接造成公众对电动车辆续驶里程、充电时间、安全性等问题的顾虑。为了确保动力电池系统在复杂车载环境下的高效、安全和可靠运行，先进电池管理系统至关重要。由于传感技术目前不能直接测量电池内部关键微观物理量，所以如何建立高保真的电池模型是电池管理系统开发的重要挑战，严重影响电池管理的有效性和鲁棒性。简述车用动力电池的种类与性能比较结果，展示锂离子电池在综合性能上的优越性。介绍锂离子电池管理系统的基本功能，强调电池建模的意义和重要性。分别从电学特性模型、热模型、电热耦合模型、老化模型四个方面，较为具体地综述了文献中已有建模方法，并对各种方法进行系统分类。重点阐述面向控制的新模型结构与建模思路，以期促进先进的基于模型的电池管理算法的开发。

关键词: 电池管理, 建模, 可持续交通, 锂离子电池, 新能源汽车

Abstract: Electric vehicles(EVs) are significant ingredients of sustainable transportation system. Traction battery technology, however, is a key bottleneck currently thwarting the rapid development of EVs, which directly makes the general public concern over driving range, recharge time, and safety of EVs. In order to ensure high-efficiency, safe, and reliable operations of traction batteries in complicated vehicular environment, advanced battery management systems are crucial. Since present sensing technologies cannot directly probe key microscopic physical variables inside batteries, how to establish high-fidelity battery models constitutes a heavy challenge for developing battery management systems, substantially affecting the effectiveness and resilience of battery management. Categories of vehicular traction batteries are first briefed, as well as their comparative outcomes, showcasing the superiority of lithium-ion battery. Standard functionalities of lithium-ion battery management system are then introduced, highlighting the great significance and importance of battery modeling. From four perspectives of electrical model, thermal model, electro-thermal model, and aging model, existing modeling approaches in the open literature are systematically surveyed. Moreover, diverse methods are categorized well. Novel control-oriented model topologies and modeling ideas are emphasized, with the aim to catalyze the development of advanced model-based battery management algorithms.

Key words: battery management, clean-energy vehicle, Li-ion battery, modeling, sustainable transportation

中图分类号:

TM912

胡晓松, 唐小林. 电动车辆锂离子动力电池建模方法综述[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(16): 20-31.

HU Xiaosong, TANG Xiaolin. Review of Modeling Techniques for Lithium-ion Traction Batteries in Electric Vehicles[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 53(16): 20-31.

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