• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (4): 10-18.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.04.010

• 仪器科学与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

星上敏感器空间矢量自准直测量方法及标定试验

刘延芳1, 马明阳2, 刘永孛1, 齐乃明1, 叶东1   

  1. 1. 哈尔滨工业大学航天学院 哈尔滨 150001;
    2. 北京卫星环境工程研究所 北京 100094
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-05 修回日期:2018-03-05 出版日期:2019-02-20 发布日期:2019-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘延芳(通信作者),男,1986年出生,副教授。主要研究方向为航天器机电一体化技术,航天器地面测量、测试技术及设备,航天器微低重力模拟试验技术,挠性航天器形状及振动控制,智能材料及结构动力学与控制。E-mail:lyf04025121@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(11672093,51705109,U1737207)、黑龙江省博士后特别资助(LBH-TZ1609)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(HIT.NSRIF.201622)、微小型航天器技术国防重点学科实验室开放基金(HIT.KLOF.MST.201507)和钱学森实验室种子基金资助项目

Auto-collimation Measurement Method and Calibration Experiments for Space Vectors of Satellite On-board Sensor

LIU Yanfang1, MA Mingyang2, LIU Yongbei1, QI Naiming1, YE Dong1   

  1. 1. School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001;
    2. Beijing Satellite Environment Engineering Research Institute, Beijing 100094
  • Received:2017-09-05 Revised:2018-03-05 Online:2019-02-20 Published:2019-02-20

摘要: 针对星上敏感器测量坐标系高精度标定的需求,提出一种空间矢量自准直测量方法,采用光电自准直经纬仪、卫星转台、基准镜阵列和坐标平移系统等,实现立方镜镜面法向矢量之间夹角的高精度自动化测量。给出空间角测量模型,基于误差传播原理推导出误差模型,并证明不确定度上限;仿真分析传感器精度对空间角测量误差的灵敏度,并在此基础上进行误差分配;设计并研制星上敏感器空间矢量自准直测量系统,对光电自准直经纬仪的转角精度、两轴垂直度和整个系统的空间角测量精度等进行试验标定;结果表明,光电自准直经纬仪转角精度优于0.6"、两轴垂直度优于0.2",空间角测量精度优于3",验证所提出方法的有效性、误差分配的合理性和设计方案的可行性,可为高精度星上敏感器的自动化测量标定系统的开发和应用提供参考。

关键词: 光电自准直经纬仪, 空间矢量测量, 星上敏感器, 自动化测量, 坐标系标定

Abstract: An auto-collimation measurement method for space vectors is proposed to precisely calibrate coordinate systems of satellite on-board sensors. With this method, high-precision automatic measurement of the angle between normal vectors of cube faces is achieved by employing the photoelectric auto-collimation theodolite, satellite turntable, reference mirror array, and coordinate translation system. The measurement model is provided and the error model is constructed based on the principle of error propagation. Then the upper limit of the uncertainty is derived. The sensitivity of the sensors' accuracy on the measurement error is analysed via simulation, based on which error is distributed. An auto-collimation measurement system for space vectors of satellite on-board sensors is designed and developed. Calibration experiments show that the angle accuracy of the theodolite is up to 0.6", the verticality error between two axes is less than 0.2", and the systemic measurement accuracy of the space angle is up to 3". These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the rationality of the error distribution, and the feasibility of the design. This research provides useful information for the development and application of the high-precision automatic measurement and calibration system for the satellite on-board sensors.

Key words: automatic measurement, calibration of coordinate system, measurement of space vector, photoelectric auto-collimation theodolite, satellite on-board sensor

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