9%Cr热强钢管道接头局部焊后热处理参数的优化

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.20.113

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在电站锅炉等大型9%Cr热强钢部件的现场安装中，受施工条件限制，通常只能采用局部焊后热处理(PWHT)。热处理时，由于管道轴向和径向存在一定温度梯度而影响焊后热处理效果，并形成诱导应力和变形。提出了9%Cr热强钢管道接头局部焊后热处理参数优化方法，在保证焊后热处理效果的同时，避免形成过大的诱导应力和变形。首先使用有限元法建立了9%Cr热强钢管道局部焊后热处理温度场计算模型，并根据9%Cr热强钢焊后热处理要求和管道热处理温度场特性确立了热处理参数设计原则，随后利用有限元计算结果优化设计了电站常见规格9%Cr热强钢管道焊后热处理主要参数包括加热宽度、升温和降温速度、加热器功率。最后，计算得到了等效测温点位置，以监测焊后热处理时管道内壁温度变化。研究结果可以指导现焊后场焊后热处理施工，保证热处理质量。

关键词: 9%Cr热强钢, 局部焊后热处理, 有限元法, 优化

Abstract: Local post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) is generally more practical and cost effective in the field fabrication of large-sized 9%Cr heat-resistant steel welded components, such as power plant boilers. The effectiveness of local PWHT is influenced by the axial and radial temperature gradients inherent in the process which result from localized heating and subsequently induce stress and deformation. The optimal process window of local PWHT for 9%Cr heat-resistant steel pipe joints was proposed, ensuring that excessive induced stress and deformation are avoided while maintaining the desired effects of PWHT. The simulation model of temperature field of local PWHT was first established using finite element methods, and the optimization design method for the parameters of local PWHT was proposed based on both the requirement of PHWT for 9%Cr heat resistant steels and the features of the temperature field of local PWHT. Then, the parameters of local PWHT including the heated band width, heating and cooling rates, heating power, etc., for the commonly used specifications of 9%Cr steel pipes in thermal plants are optimal designed based on the simulated results. Finally, the positions of equivalent temperature measurement points were calculated to monitor the temperature changes in the weld metal on pipe's inner wall during PWHT. The research results are considered capable of guide the on-site PWHT construction and ensure the quality of local PWHT.

Key words: 9%Cr heat resistant steel, local post weld heat treatment, finite element method, optimal design

中图分类号:

TG402

胡磊, 独家卿, 王瑞, 王学. 9%Cr热强钢管道接头局部焊后热处理参数的优化[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(20): 113-122.

HU Lei, DU Jiaqing, WANG Rui, WANG Xue. Optimization of Local Post Weld Heat Treatment Parameters for 9%Cr Heat Resistant Steel Welded Pipes[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(20): 113-122.

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