强风雨环境下高速列车运行安全特性

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.20.172

机械工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (20): 172-180,193.doi: 10.3901/JME.2021.20.172

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强风雨环境下高速列车运行安全特性

于梦阁^1,2, 刘加利³, 李田⁴, 张骞¹

1. 青岛大学机电工程学院青岛 266071;
2. 青岛大学系统科学博士后流动站青岛 266071;
3. 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司青岛 266111;
4. 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室成都 610031

收稿日期:2020-10-21 修回日期:2021-09-18 出版日期:2021-10-20 发布日期:2021-12-15
通讯作者: 刘加利(通信作者),男,1985年出生,博士,高级工程师。主要研究方向为列车空气动力学。Email:liujiali0612@163.com
作者简介:于梦阁,女,1985年出生,博士,副教授。主要研究方向为车辆空气动力学,车辆系统动力学。Email:yumengge0627@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51705267）、中国博士后科学基金（2018M630750）和牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题（TPL2005）资助项目。

Operational Safety Characteristics of High-speed Train under Strong Wind and Rainfall Environment

YU Mengge^1,2, LIU Jiali³, LI Tian⁴, ZHANG Qian¹

1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071;
2. Postdoctoral Research Station of System Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071;
3. CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266111;
4. State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031

Received:2020-10-21 Revised:2021-09-18 Online:2021-10-20 Published:2021-12-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为确保高速列车在强风雨环境下安全运行，结合EULER-LAGRANGE方法和计算多体动力学方法，系统地研究风雨环境下高速列车的气动特性及运行安全特性。基于非球形雨滴，建立高速列车空气动力学计算模型，并验证计算模型的准确性，进而计算强风雨环境下作用于高速列车的气动载荷。建立高速列车车辆系统动力学模型，计算强风雨载荷作用下的高速列车运行安全特性。研究结果表明，在不同风速下，高速列车的侧力、升力、侧滚力矩及摇头力矩均随降雨强度的增加而增大，且与降雨强度近似成线性关系，对于点头力矩，当风速较小时，点头力矩随降雨强度的增加而增大，而当风速较大时，点头力矩随降雨强度的增加而减小。与单纯的强风环境相比，降雨使得高速列车的运行安全特性进一步恶化，在不同风速下，高速列车脱轨系数、轮重减载率、倾覆系数及轮轴横向力均随降雨强度的增加而增大，特别是当风速接近于临界风速时，降雨对高速列车运行安全特性的影响显著。当降雨强度为500 mm/h时，由不同运行安全指标确定的高速列车安全运行的临界风速降低2.3~4.2 m/s。研究结果可为高速列车在风雨环境下的安全限速提供参考。

关键词: 高速列车, 降雨强度, 气动性能, 运行安全, 临界风速

Abstract: In order to ensure the safe operation of the high-speed train exposed to strong wind and rain environment, the aerodynamic characteristics and operational safety characteristics of the high-speed train in wind and rain environment are systematically studied using the EULER-LAGRANGE method and computational multi-body dynamics method. The aerodynamic computational model of a high-speed train is set up based on non-spherical raindrops. After the the accuracy of the computational model is verified, the aerodynamic loads of the high-speed train operating in a strong wind and rain environment are computed. The vehicle system dynamic model of the high-speed train is established, and the operational safety characteristics of the high-speed train exposed to strong wind and rain loads are computed. The results show that the side force, lift force, rolling moment and yaw moment of the high-speed train increase with the increase of the rainfall intensity for a variety of wind speeds, and there is approximately a linear relationship between the aerodynamic loads and the rainfall intensity. For the pitch moment, it increases with the increase of the rainfall intensity for the relatively smaller wind speeds, and decreases with the increase of the rainfall intensity for the relatively larger wind speed. Compared with the pure strong wind environment, the rainfall further deteriorates the operational safety characteristics of the high-speed train. The derailment coefficient, wheel load reduction rate, overturning coefficient, and axle lateral force of the high-speed train increase with the increase of the rainfall intensity for a variety of wind speeds. Especially, when the wind speed is close to the critical wind speed, the impact of rainfall on the operational safety characteristics of the high-speed train is significant. When the rainfall intensity is 500 mm/h, the critical wind speeds for the safe operation of the high-speed train determined by different operational safety indicators are reduced by 2.3-4.2 m/s. The results can provide a reference for the speed limit of the high-speed train in wind and rain environment.

Key words: high-speed train, rainfall intensity, aerodynamic performance, operational safety, critical wind speed

中图分类号:

U270

于梦阁, 刘加利, 李田, 张骞. 强风雨环境下高速列车运行安全特性[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(20): 172-180,193.

YU Mengge, LIU Jiali, LI Tian, ZHANG Qian. Operational Safety Characteristics of High-speed Train under Strong Wind and Rainfall Environment[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(20): 172-180,193.

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强风雨环境下高速列车运行安全特性

Operational Safety Characteristics of High-speed Train under Strong Wind and Rainfall Environment

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