低温环境下制动参数对列车制动材料摩擦性能的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.08.230

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用销-盘式摩擦磨损试验机与温度控制装置模拟低温环境下列车的制动行为，研究了低温环境（-20℃）下制动压力、制动速度对制动盘与制动闸片摩擦磨损性能的影响。研究结果表明，低温环境（-20℃）下制动盘与闸片之间的摩擦因数和磨损率均比室温环境（20℃）下略微提高。在低温环境下，制动压力和制动速度对制动材料摩擦磨损与损伤行为有明显影响。制动盘与闸片之间的摩擦因数随制动压力的增大呈现先减小后趋于稳定的变化趋势；随制动速度增加，摩擦因数呈现先减小后增加的变化趋势。制动盘和闸片的磨损率随制动压力的增大均呈现先增大后趋于稳定的变化趋势，且闸片材料的磨损率均大于制动盘材料的磨损率；随制动速度的增大，制动盘磨损率呈现快速减小的趋势而闸片磨损率呈现先减小后趋于稳定的趋势。随制动压力和制动速度的增大，闸片磨损表面第三体层分布更加均匀，表面剥落坑数量与面积呈减小趋势。

关键词: 低温环境, 制动参数, 制动盘材料, 闸片材料, 摩擦磨损

Abstract: Using a pin-on-disc testing rig and a temperature-controlled chamber to simulate the braking behavior of train in low temperature environment. The influences of braking pressure and speed on the friction and wear performances of the brake disc and brake pad in low temperature environment (-20 ℃) are studied. The results show that the friction coefficient and wear rate of the brake disc and the brake pad at low temperature (-20 ℃) are slightly higher than those at the room temperature (20 ℃). In low temperature environment, braking pressure and braking speed have obvious influences on friction, wear and damage behaviors of brake materials. With the increase in brake pressure, the friction coefficient between the brake disc and the brake pad decreased firstly and then tended to be stable. With the increase in brake speed, the friction coefficient decreased firstly and then increased. With the increase in brake pressure, the wear rate of brake disc and brake pad increased firstly and then tended to be stable, and the wear rate of brake pad material was greater than that of brake disc material. With the increase in brake speed, the wear rate of brake disc decreased rapidly, while the wear rate of brake pad decreased firstly and then tended to be stable. With the increase in braking pressure and braking speed, the third body layer on the worn surface of the brake pad was more evenly distributed, and the number and area of peeling pits on the surface showed a decreasing trends.

Key words: low temperature environment, brake parameters, brake disc material, brake pad material, friction and wear

中图分类号:

TH117

张超, 马蕾, 丁昊昊, 郭立昌, 王文健, 郭俊, 刘启跃. 低温环境下制动参数对列车制动材料摩擦性能的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(8): 230-239.

ZHANG Chao, MA Lei, DING Haohao, GUO Lichang, WANG Wenjian, GUO Jun, LIU Qiyue. Effect of Brake Parameters on Friction Properties of Brake Materials in Low Temperature Environment[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(8): 230-239.

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