兼具吸能和承载特性的梯度结构宏细观跨尺度拓扑优化设计

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.07.171

机械工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (7): 171-180.doi: 10.3901/JME.2020.07.171

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兼具吸能和承载特性的梯度结构宏细观跨尺度拓扑优化设计

杜义贤^1,2, 尹鹏¹, 李荣¹, 田启华^1,2, 周祥曼^1,2

1. 三峡大学机械与动力学院宜昌 443002;
2. 水电机械设备设计与维护湖北省重点实验室宜昌 443002

收稿日期:2019-05-09 修回日期:2019-12-10 出版日期:2020-04-05 发布日期:2020-05-12
作者简介:杜义贤(通信作者),男,1978年出生,博士,教授。主要研究方向为结构优化与分析、CAD/CAM技术。E-mail:duyixian@aliyun.com;
尹鹏,男,1993年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为结构优化与分析、轻量化设计、材料/结构一体化设计。E-mail:yinpengq@aliyun.com;
田启华,男,1962年出生,博士,教授。主要研究方向为数字化设计与制造、企业信息化。E-mail:tqh@ctgu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（51775308，51705287，51475265）。

Macro and Micro Trans-scale Topological Optimization Design of Gradient Structure with Both Energy Absorption and Load-bearing Characteristics

DU Yixian^1,2, YIN Peng¹, LI Rong¹, TIAN Qihua^1,2, ZHOU Xiangman^1,2

1. College of Mechanical&Power Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002;
2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design&Maintenance, Yichang 443002

Received:2019-05-09 Revised:2019-12-10 Online:2020-04-05 Published:2020-05-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 理想的碰撞吸能结构在吸收碰撞能量的同时应具备一定的承载能力，更好地保护人员及设备安全，而现有方法一般仅从宏观或细观单一角度进行碰撞吸能结构设计，不能很好地兼顾吸能和承载需求。构型呈梯度变化的梯度结构具有很好的碰撞吸能特性，故本文利用宏细观一体化设计思想，从宏观结构和单胞构型的两个方面出发，以结构刚度表征承载特性，负泊松比表征吸能特性，提出了兼具吸能和承载特性的梯度结构宏细观跨尺度拓扑优化方法。在宏观尺度，基于功能梯度及聚类分析思想，研究出具有刚度梯度特性的结构宏观区域划分优化方法；在细观尺度，基于能量均匀化理论建立了以结构刚度和负泊松比为目标函数的多目标拓扑优化模型。对优化得到的结构吸能与承载特性进行测试与分析，结果验证了所提出的方法能够有效地应用于防撞结构设计。

关键词: 拓扑优化, 梯度结构, 吸能特性, 承载特性

Abstract: The ideal collision energy absorption structure should have certain carrying capacity while absorbing the collision energy to protect the safety of personnel and equipment better. However, the existing methods generally only conduct the design of collision energy absorption structure from a macro or micro perspective, the energy absorption and load-bearing requirements cannot be well considered. The gradient structure with gradient property has good collision energy absorption properties. Therefore, based on the macroscopic and microscopic integrated design idea, a macro-micro topology optimization method for gradient structures with energy absorption and load-bearing characteristics is proposed from the two aspects of macroscopic structure and single cell configuration. The load-bearing characteristics and the energy absorption characteristics are represented by the structural stiffness and the negative Poisson’s ratio, respectively. On the macroscopic scale, the optimization method of macroscopic region division with stiffness gradient is researched based on the functional gradient and cluster analysis theory. On the basis of the energy homogenization theory, a multi-objective topological optimization model with structural stiffness and negative Poisson’s ratio as the objective function is established on the microscopic scale. The energy absorption and load-bearing characteristics of the optimized structure are tested and analyzed by finite element simulation and compression experiment. The results show that the proposed method can be effectively applied to anti-collision structure design.

Key words: topology optimization, gradient structure, energy absorption characteristics, load-bearing characteristics

中图分类号:

TH11

杜义贤, 尹鹏, 李荣, 田启华, 周祥曼. 兼具吸能和承载特性的梯度结构宏细观跨尺度拓扑优化设计[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(7): 171-180.

DU Yixian, YIN Peng, LI Rong, TIAN Qihua, ZHOU Xiangman. Macro and Micro Trans-scale Topological Optimization Design of Gradient Structure with Both Energy Absorption and Load-bearing Characteristics[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(7): 171-180.

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兼具吸能和承载特性的梯度结构宏细观跨尺度拓扑优化设计

Macro and Micro Trans-scale Topological Optimization Design of Gradient Structure with Both Energy Absorption and Load-bearing Characteristics

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