基于超声导波的压力容器健康监测I：波传导行为及损伤定位

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.04.001

机械工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (4): 1-10.doi: 10.3901/JME.2020.04.001

• 仪器科学与技术 • 下一篇

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基于超声导波的压力容器健康监测I：波传导行为及损伤定位

杨斌, 胡超杰, 轩福贞, 罗承强, 项延训, 肖飚

华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院上海 200237

收稿日期:2019-02-25 修回日期:2019-10-05 出版日期:2020-02-20 发布日期:2020-04-23
通讯作者: 轩福贞(通信作者),男,1970年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为智能传感与先进健康监测技术。E-mail:fzxuan@ecust.edu.cn
作者简介:杨斌,男,1988年出生,博士,讲师,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为复合材料压力容器的力学性能及健康监测。E-mail:yangbin@ecust.edu.cn
基金资助:
青年人才托举工程（2018QNRC001）、国家自然科学基金（11702097，51835003）、国家重点研发计划（2018YFC0808800）和中央高校基本科研业务费（222201714015）资助项目。

Structural Health Monitoring of Pressure Vessel Based on Guided Wave Technology. Part I：Wave Propagating and Damage Localization

YANG Bin, HU Chaojie, XUAN Fuzhen, LUO Chengqiang, XIANG Yanxun, XIAO Biao

School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237

Received:2019-02-25 Revised:2019-10-05 Online:2020-02-20 Published:2020-04-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 严苛的使用环境造成的压力容器损伤会导致结构失效而造成巨大安全隐患；超声导波具有大面积、长距离监测的优点，能及时避免压力容器失效。开展基于超声导波的压力容器健康监测研究，分三个部分。第一部分主要研究超声导波在压力容器中的传播行为及损伤定位方法。首先利用有限元法研究超声导波在压力容器中的传播行为，开发出针对压力容器圆柱筒体及球形封头的损伤定位算法程序，并重点讨论信号处理方法对压力容器不同部位损伤定位精度的影响。研究结果表明，导波在压力容器中传播易产生多模态，其在压力容器中不断地循环传播直至能量衰减耗尽，且极少发生边界反射；在基于超声导波的压力容器缺陷定位时，截取合适的时域导波信号并对信号进行滤波和降噪处理能够有效提升压力容器缺陷的定位精度；缺陷信号相对于基准信号的时间零点漂移及非检测模态波包的干扰是影响压力容器缺陷定位精度的两个主要原因，修正后的算法对压力容器筒体和封头缺陷的定位误差在5%以内。

关键词: 压力容器, 超声导波, 健康监测, 损伤定位, 定位算法

Abstract: The safety of pressure vessel is threatened by the harsh service environment in real engineering fields. Guided waves could propagate over long distance with larger area, and its application in pressure vessel monitoring could help avoiding the failure of the vessels. This research focus on the structural health monitoring of the pressure vessel by guided waves, and it is divided into three parts. The first part mainly investigates the guide wave propagating behavior and its application in damage localization in a typical pressure vessel. The guide wave propagating behavior in a pressure vessel is firstly studied by finite element method. The damage localization algorithm of the cylinder and head section of the pressure vessel is respectively built, and the effect of the signal processing method on the damage localization accuracy is mainly discussed. Results show that propagation of guided wave in the vessel could easily leads to the multimode, and it keeps propagating until the wave energy is completely attenuated with less wave reflection at the boundary. Selecting the suitable propagating duration, wave filtering and noise reduction could help enhancing the damage localization accuracy. The zero time difference between the damage and baseline signal and unused wave mode influence are the two factors that affect the damage localization accuracy in pressure vessel. Damage localization error in the cylinder and head section of the pressure vessel keeps into 5% after modified the two mentioned factors.

Key words: pressure vessel, guided waves, structural health monitoring, damage localization, damage localization algorithm

中图分类号:

TG156

杨斌, 胡超杰, 轩福贞, 罗承强, 项延训, 肖飚. 基于超声导波的压力容器健康监测I：波传导行为及损伤定位[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(4): 1-10.

YANG Bin, HU Chaojie, XUAN Fuzhen, LUO Chengqiang, XIANG Yanxun, XIAO Biao. Structural Health Monitoring of Pressure Vessel Based on Guided Wave Technology. Part I：Wave Propagating and Damage Localization[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(4): 1-10.

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基于超声导波的压力容器健康监测I：波传导行为及损伤定位

Structural Health Monitoring of Pressure Vessel Based on Guided Wave Technology. Part I：Wave Propagating and Damage Localization

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