• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 219-225.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.03.219

• 制造工艺与装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

电弧填丝增材制造过程熔滴射滴过渡特征及其对熔滴沉积成形的影响

罗怡1,2, 朱亮1,2, 韩静韬1,2, 许洁1,2, 张成洋1,2   

  1. 1. 重庆理工大学材料科学与工程学院 重庆 400054;
    2. 重庆理工大学重庆市特种焊接材料与技术高校工程研究中心 重庆 400054
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-11 修回日期:2018-08-18 出版日期:2019-02-05 发布日期:2019-02-05
  • 作者简介:罗怡,男,1979年出生,博士,教授,硕士研究生导师。主要从事先进焊接技术与增材制造技术方面的教学和科研工作,发表论文80余篇。E-mail:luoyi@cqut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市基础科学与前沿技术研究计划资助项目(cstc2017jcyjBX0065,cstc2015jcyjA60009)。

Analysis on the Characteristics of Metal Droplet Transferred by Projected Transfer Mode in Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing Process

LUO Yi1,2, ZHU Liang1,2, HAN Jingtao1,2, XU Jie1,2, ZHANG Chengyang1,2   

  1. 1. School of Materials and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054;
    2. Chongqing Municipal Engineering Research Center of Institutions of Higher Education for Special Welding Materials and Technology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054
  • Received:2018-02-11 Revised:2018-08-18 Online:2019-02-05 Published:2019-02-05

摘要: 基于脉冲GMA电弧检测了电弧填丝增材制造过程中与熔滴过渡相关的电弧电流、电弧电压和声发射信号,研究了电弧脉冲作用下的铝合金熔滴射滴过渡特征,提出了一种可对处于射滴过渡模式下的熔滴尺寸、电弧力和熔滴沉积率进行计算的方法,并分析了沉积层的成形质量特征。研究结果表明,利用检测获得的电弧电压、电弧电流信号和声发射信号可以对处于射滴过渡模式下的熔滴过渡过程及其特征进行区分。在本研究条件下,作用在过渡熔滴上的电弧力随电弧功率增加而递增。电弧力的增加将限制熔滴尺寸的增大,从而在电弧功率递增时呈现熔滴尺寸的递减和熔滴过渡频率的递增。同时,电弧功率增加,使热输入增大,射滴过渡熔滴对熔池的冲击增强,容易造成熔滴过渡形成的沉积层坍塌,从而使熔滴沉积层高度递增的趋势减缓,形成的沉积层显微组织明显粗化。

关键词: 电弧, 电弧信号, 熔滴过渡, 增材制造, 制造效率

Abstract: The arc current, voltage and acoustic emission signals related to the metal droplet transfer are detected in real-time during the wire + arc additive manufacturing process, and are studied to analyze the characteristics of metal droplet transferred by projected transfer mode in DC-pulsed arc. Accordingly, a method is presented to calculate the size of droplet, arc force and droplet deposition rate in the projected transfer mode. Furthermore, the forming quality characteristics of the deposition layer are analyzed. The results show that the arc voltage, the arc current and the acoustic emission signals can be used to distinguish the droplet transfer process and the characteristics of the droplet transfer. Under the conditions of this study, the arc force increases with the increase of the arc power. The increase of the arc force will restrict the increase of the droplet size, so that the droplet size decreases and the droplet transfer frequency increases with the increase of arc power. At the same time, the increase of arc power improves the heat input and the force of spray droplet acting on the molten pool. Therefore, it is easy to cause the collapse of deposition layer, the trend of the height increasing of the deposition layer is slowed down and the microstructure of the deposition layer is obviously coarsened.

Key words: additive manufacturing, arc, arc signals, manufacturing efficiency, metal droplet transfer

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