电动汽车电池安全事故分析与研究现状

doi:10.3901/JME.2019.24.093

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 电池安全问题严重影响了电动汽车的普及与推广，近年来电动汽车电池起火事件频发，引起了极高的社会关注度。本文对近五年的主要电动汽车安全事故进行统计分析，归纳电动汽车起火事件的历年起因分布及规律，对几种主要的事故起因背后的电池故障特性及其对热失控触发机理进行了描述，进而综述了国内外主要团队在电池过充电、外部短路、内部短路、过放电以及挤压碰撞等电池安全问题的研究现状，讨论现有主要研究成果及不足之处，最后对电池安全及热失控的诊断、预警的研究趋势及思路进行几点探讨。

关键词: 电动汽车, 动力电池, 电池安全, 事故分析, 热失控

Abstract: Battery safety has seriously affected the popularity and promotion of electric vehicles. In recent years, battery fire incidents of electric vehicles have occurred frequently, arousing great social concern. The main safety accidents of electric vehicles in the past five years are analyzed in this papery. The distribution and development of the causes of the electric vehicle fire events over the years are summarized. The characteristics of battery failures behind the major accident causes and their mechanism of triggering the thermal runaway are discussed. The main research teams in battery safety issues, including the overcharge, external short circuit, internal short circuit, over-discharge, and the extrusion collision, are reviewed. The main research results and shortcomings of the existing publications are discussed. Finally, the research trends and ideas of battery safety and thermal runaway diagnosis and early warning are discussed.

Key words: electric vehicles, power battery, battery safety, incidents analysis, thermal runaway

中图分类号:

TM912

陈泽宇, 熊瑞, 孙逢春. 电动汽车电池安全事故分析与研究现状[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(24): 93-104,116.

CHEN Zeyu, XIONG Rui, SUN Fengchun. Research Status and Analysis for Battery Safety Accidents in Electric Vehicles[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 55(24): 93-104,116.

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