Reliability Analysis of Fast Transfer Switch under Multiple Degradation Factors

doi:10.3901/JME.2022.17.105

Abstract

Abstract: Fast transfer switch is the core equipment to realize uninterrupted power supply for sensitive loads. Its reliability is the premise of stable operation of power supply system, but its reliability is affected by many factors such as contact wear, opening and closing capacitor aging and mechanism permanent magnet demagnetization. Moreover, the reliability analysis of this kind of electrical equipment during its service cycle has the characteristics of high experimental cost and imperfect standard. In order to accurately evaluate the reliability of fast transfer switch, a calculation method of reliability of fast transfer switch based on the degradation parameters of weak units is proposed. Firstly, the degradation law of key failed devices is studied combined with the prototype test database to determine the weak unit of fast transfer switch. Based on the measured contact wear data of vacuum arc extinguishing unit and opening capacitance capacity of opening and closing driving unit, the dynamic contact wear and opening capacitance parameter distribution considering the change of impact wear coefficient are obtained respectively. Then, in order to reduce the finite element calculation time cost of large sample fast switching switch, a neural network mechanical characteristic prediction model of fast switching switch is established. Finally, by introducing the sampled degraded parameter database into the prediction model, the reliability analysis of fast switching system under the constraint of performance index is realized. The results show that the weakest link in the reliability of the transfer switch is the electrolytic capacitor of the driving unit and the contact of the arc extinguishing chamber. When the opening time is less than 8 ms, the reliability is 0.768 after 5000 times of opening and closing.

Key words: fast transfer switch, multivariate degradation, magnetic damage, grey system, contact erosion

CLC Number:

TM561

JIANG Wentao, LIU Xiaoming, ZHANG Xusong, CHEN Hai, LI Peiyuan. Reliability Analysis of Fast Transfer Switch under Multiple Degradation Factors[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(17): 105-115.

References

[1] 李卫国，房萍. 高压智能开关快速切换不同属性负载控制策略[J]. 电力电子技术，2015，49(12)：10-12. LI Weiguo，FANG Ping. Control strategy of transfer switching different load with high-voltage smart switch[J]. Power Electronics，2015，49(12)：10-12.
[2] 崔学深，张自力，王泽忠，等. 基于固态切换开关的感应电机类负荷电源快速切换新策略及参数计算[J]. 电工技术学报，2016，31(18)：21-28. CUI Xueshen，ZHANG Zili，WANG Zezhong，et al. Novel rapid power switching strategy and its parameter calculation of induction motor-load based on solid state transfer switch[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society，2016，31(18)：21-28.
[3] JAVAID U，FREIJEDO F D，DUJIC D，et al. MVDC supply technologies for marine electrical distribution systems[J]. CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics & Applications，2018，3(1)：65-76.
[4] 何俊佳，袁召，经鑫，等. 电磁斥力机构研究综述[J]. 高电压技术，2017，43(12)：3809-3818. HE Junjia，YUAN Zhao，JING Xin，et al. Review of research on repulsion mechanism[J]. High Voltage Engineering，2017，43(12)：3809-3818.
[5] 李文丽，原大宁，刘宏昭，等. 小子样下机构系统磨损仿真可靠性研究[J]. 机械工程学报，2015，51(13)：235-244. LI Wenli，YUAN Daning，LIU Hongzhao，et al. Reliability research on the mechanism system wear simulation under the case of the small-scale sample[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2015，51(13)：235-244.
[6] 刘阳. 单稳态永磁机构可靠性研究[D]. 大连：大连理工大学，2015. LIU Yang，Study on reliability of monostable permanent magnet mechanism[D]. Dalian：Dalian University of Technology，2015.
[7] 艾绍贵，衣立东，姚晓飞，等. 126 kV真空断路器操动机构机械可靠性研究[J]. 高压电器，2020，56(7)：77-85. AI Shaogui，YI Lidong，YAO Xiaofei，et al. Research on mechanical reliability of operating mechanisms of 126 kV vacuum circuit breakers[J]. High Voltage Apparatus，2020，56(7)：77-85.
[8] 孔繁森. 制造系统可靠性分析的框架与动力学机制[J].机械工程学报，2020，56(20)：223-236. KONG Fansen. Framework and dynamic mechanism of reliability analysis of manufacturing system[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2020，56(20)：223-236.
[9] YANG Z，GUO J，TIAN H，et al. Weakness ranking method for subsystems of heavy-duty machine tools based on FMECA information[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2021，34(1)：1.
[10] 王阳英夫. 高压断路器的机械可靠性分析及寿命评估[D]. 南京：东南大学，2017. WANGYANG Yingfu. Mechanical reliability analysis and life evaluation of high voltage circuit breaker[D]. Nanjing：Southeast University，2017.
[11] 穆艳，王永兴，邹积岩，等. 基于威布尔分布的真空断路器可靠性分析[J]. 高压电器，2020，56(1)：30-35. MU Yan，WANG Yongxing，ZOU Jiyan，et al. Reliability analysis of vacuum circuit breaker based on Weibull distribution[J]. High Voltage Apparatus，2020，56(1)：30-35.
[12] 王天霖，杨墨缘，高崇，等. 多端口直流断路器可靠性评估模型及其应用[J]. 电力自动化设备，2021(1)，1-8. WANG Tianlin，YANG Moyuan，GAO Chong，et al. Reliability evaluation model of multi-terminal DC circuit breaker and its application[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment，2021(1)，1-8.
[13] 杨墨缘，欧阳森，张真，等. 考虑不同运行状态的多端口直流断路器可靠性模型[J]. 电网技术，2021(1)：1-13. YANG Moyuan，OUYANG Sen，ZHANG Zhen，et al. Reliability model of multi-terminal DC circuit breaker considering different operation states[J]. Power System Technology，2021(1)：1-13.
[14] 王博文，谢里阳，樊富友，等. 考虑共因失效的折叠翼展开机构可靠度分析[J]. 机械工程学报，2020，56(5)：161-171. WANG Bowen，XIE Liyang，FAN Fuyou，et al. Reliability analysis of folding wing deployable mechanism considering common cause failure[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2020，56(5)：161-171.
[15] 王嘉，张露予，陶友瑞，等. 基于时间和当前状态的退化与冲击模型[J]. 机械工程学报，2019，55(18)：180-186. WANG Jia，ZHANG Luyu，TAO Yourui，et al. Degradation and random shock model based on age and current state[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2019，55(18)：180-186.
[16] LEWIS R，DWYER R S，JOSEY G，et al. Investigation of wear mechanisms occurring in passenger car diesel engine inlet valves and seat inserts[J]. SAE Transactions，1999，108(4)：610-618．
[17] 华彩虹. 货车车钩材料ZG25MnCrNiMo钢的冲击磨损特性研究[D]. 成都：西南交通大学，2015. HUA Caihong. Study on impact wear characteristics of ZG25MnCrNiMo steel as freight car coupler material[D]. Chengdu：Southwest Jiaotong University，2015.
[18] LEMAIRE E，CALVAR M L. Evidence of tribocorrosion wear in pressurized water reactors[J].Wear，2001，249(5)：338-344.
[19] LEWIS R R. Wear of diesel engine inlet valves and seats[D]. England：University of Sheffield，2000．
[20] 翟崇琳，唐友亮，徐青青，等.基于正交试验的汽车扭力臂热锻模具磨损分析及优化[J]. 锻压技术，2021，46(5)：185-189. ZHAI Chonglin，TANG Youliang，XU Qingqing，et al.Wear analysis and optimization of hot forging mold for automobile torque arm based on orthogonal test[J]. Forging & Stamping Technology，2021，46(5)：185-189.
[21] 于天达，张进强，罗亮，等. 控制棒驱动机构钩爪齿复合冲击磨损可靠性分析[J]. 机械设计，2021，38(4)：16-22. YU Tianda，ZHANG Jinqiang，LUO Liang，et al. Reliability analysis on compound impact wear of the latch teeth in a control-rod drive mechanism[J]. Journal of Machine Design，2021，38(4)：16-22.
[22] 袁海军. 柴油机针阀偶件的撞击磨损研究[D]. 重庆：重庆理工大学，2020. YUAN Haijun. Study on impact wear of needle valve coupling parts of diesel engine[D]. Chongqing：Chongqing University of technology，2020.
[23] 齐凤春，戴忠玲，胡静. 机械力对Fe-Cr-Co-V-Ti系永磁体磁性的影响[J]. 大连理工大学学报，1991，31(1)：121-124. QI Fengchun，DAI Zhongling，HU Jing. Effect of mechanical force on magnetic property of permanent magnet in Fe-Cr-Co-V-Ti system[J]. Journal of Dalian University of Technology，1991，31(1)：121-124.
[24] 段孝星. 开关电源中铝电解电容可靠性的评估技术研究[D]. 广州：华南理工大学，2020. DUAN Xiaoxing. Research on reliability evaluation technology of aluminum electrolytic capacitor in switching power supply[D]. Guangzhou：South China University of Technology，2020.
[25] 曾晶. 多器件退化参数测试系统的设计以及退化模型的建立[D]. 哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2020. ZENG Jing. Design of multi device degradation parameter test system and establishment of degradation model [D]. Harbin：Harbin Institute of Technology，2020.
[26] 张晔. 某高压电源板的早期故障检测与性能退化预测[D]. 哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2019. ZHANG Ye. Early fault detection and performance degradation prediction of a high voltage power supply board [D]. Harbin：Harbin Institute of Technology，2019.
[27] 张田，潘尔顺. 基于时间序列分析的电容器退化模型[J]. 上海交通大学学报，2019，53(11)：1316-1325. ZHANG Tian，PAN Ershun. Degradation modeling of capacitors based on time series analysis[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University，2019，53(11)：1316-1325.
[28] 王希平，李志刚，姚芳.考虑任务剖面的模块化多电平换流器可靠性评估方法研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报，2021，41(7)：2495-2507. WANG Xiping，LI Zhigang，YAO Fang. The reliability assessment method for MMCs considering mission profile[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE，2021，41(7)：2495-2507.
[29] 赵丙峰，廖鼎，朱顺鹏，等. 机械结构概率疲劳寿命预测研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报，2021，57(16)：173-184，197. ZHAO Bingfeng，LIAO Ding，ZHU Shunpeng，et al. Probabilistic fatigue life prediction of mechanical structures：state of the art[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2021，57(16)：173-184，197.
[30] WANG X，WANG T，MING A，et al. Deep spatiotemporal convolutional-neural-network-based remaining useful life estimation of bearings[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2021，34(1)：1.
[31] 刘威. 基于改进神经网络的真空灭弧室电磁场联合优化设计[D]. 天津：天津工业大学，2020. LIU Wei. Electromagnetic field joint optimization design of vacuum interrupter based on improved neural network[D]. Tianjin：Tiangong University，2020.