Abstract: Based on the discussions of “building an affluent society in an all-round way”, “taking a new road to industrialization” and carrying on “relying on science and education to rejuvenate the nation” put forward by the government, connected with the practical situation of safety production in China and the internal relations along with safety production, the following problems are discussed：the present state and situation of safety production in China; the definitions, features and significance of safety production; the distance between China and developed countries in safety production; the main tasks that the scientists and engineers who worked for safety production will faced. What discussed here will have the referencing value for the scientists and engineers who worked for safety production.

Key words: Affluent society, Safety production, Strategy of sustainable development