Research on In-Situ Detection of Damage in the High-speed Railway Turnout Bottom Based on Shear Horizontal Guided Wave

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.18.002

Abstract

Abstract: Turnouts are the weakest part of railway tracks. The high-speed trains suddenly change the running direction when passing through the turnout rails, which produces a huge vertical and horizontal impact on the turnouts. This impact making the turnout rail bottom prone to damage. The existing non-destructive testing technology for high-speed railway track is difficult to perform in-situ non-disassembly detection of the damage in the turnout rail bottom, which causes major hidden dangers to the transport safety. According to the variable cross-section characteristics of turnout rails and the influence of turn out components such as the effect of elastic rail fastenings and tie pads on the detection performance, the SH guided wave mode is selected to detect the turnout rails bottom. The switch rail bottom is simplified as a narrow strip with variable cross-section. The finite element eigenfrequency method based on the Bloch-Floquet boundary and domain constraint were employed to analyze the SH guided wave dispersion characteristics of the switch rail bottom, and the group velocity variation line graphs of the SH₁ guided wave propagating in the narrow strip with variable cross-section is plotted. By establishing the finite element model of the SH guided wave propagation in the narrow strip with variable cross-section, the propagation and mode conversion characteristics of the SH₀/SH₁ guided wave in the narrow strip with variable cross-section are studied. An SH₀ guided wave electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) is developed, and the switch rail bottom is detected. Synchrosqueezed wavelet transform (SWT) is adopted to remove noise and separate guided wave modes from the raw ultrasonic detected signals. SH guided waves mainly vibrate with in-plane displacement, and they are less affected by the turnout components such as elastic rail fastenings and tie pads. The application of SWT can eliminate the noises, separate the SH guided wave modes, improve the detection efficiency. After the SWT processing, the signal-to-noise ratio of the SH₀ guided wave can be increased by 10.69 dB.

Key words: high-speed railway, railway turnout, SH guided wave, finite element eigenfrequency frequency method, synchrosqueezed wavelet transform

CLC Number:

TH878
TB552

HU Songtao, SHI Wenze, LU Chao, CHEN Guo, SHEN Gongtian. Research on In-Situ Detection of Damage in the High-speed Railway Turnout Bottom Based on Shear Horizontal Guided Wave[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(18): 2-14.

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