Effect of Low Temperature on Aerodynamic Performance of Pantograph

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.02.190

Abstract

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of low temperature on aerodynamic force and aerodynamic noise of pantograph. The flow field around pantograph is simulated under the conditions of speed at 200 km/h, 300 km/h and 400 km/h, temperature at -50℃, -20℃ and 15℃ based on the three-dimensional compressible viscous fluid model, and the far field aerodynamic noise of pantograph is calculated by Ffowcs-Williams/Hawkings (FW-H) equation. Then the variation laws of pantograph aerodynamic force and aerodynamic noise at different temperatures and the effect of gas compressity are analyzed. The results show that the pressure resistance and viscous resistance of pantograph increase with the decrease of temperature, and the total resistance increases by 14% and 30% respectively when the ambient temperature decreases from 15℃ to -20℃ and -50℃. And the higher the velocity is, the more significant the influence of temperature on aerodynamic drag is. In low temperature environment, the fluctuation of aerodynamic lift of pantograph top components is more intense, which has a negative impact on the current collecting quality. Low temperature causes the increase of fluctuating pressure amplitude on pantograph surface and makes pressure fluctuation more intense, which leads to the increase of far-field aerodynamic noise. At the speed of 400 km/h, compared with that at 15℃, the sound pressure level of measuring points on a horizontal semi-circle with a distance of 7.5 m from the pantograph at -20℃ increase about 1.4 dB on average and about 3.2 dB at -50℃ on average. However, the spectrum characteristics of aerodynamic noise at different temperatures are similar. The difference of the increase of sound pressure level caused by the decrease of temperature at different speeds is small. Air density change caused by ambient temperature change is the main factor affecting pantograph aerodynamic force and aerodynamic noise at different temperatures. Under the calculation conditions above, relative accurate results of aerodynamic drag and noise sound pressure level of the pantograph can also be obtained by using incompressible model.

Key words: high speed train, pantograph, low temperature, aerodynamic force, aerodynamic noise, FW-H equation

CLC Number:

U238
U270

SHI Jiawei, LI Muxiao, ZHANG Shumin, YANG Shijun, GE Shuai, SHENG Xiaozhen. Effect of Low Temperature on Aerodynamic Performance of Pantograph[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(2): 190-199.

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