Stress Detection Method for Steel Plates Using Shear Wave Birefringence with Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer

doi:10.3901/JME.260192

Abstract

Abstract: Residual stress, induced during manufacturing and processing, can lead to material failures such as yield, fatigue, and brittle fracture in steel plates, significantly compromising structural performance and safety. How to achieve efficient, precise, and non-destructive residual stress detection has long been a challenging yet critical research focus in this field. To address the limitations of traditional acoustoelastic methods with electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT), such as low signal amplitude and difficulties in time-domain detection, an electromagnetic acoustic resonance (EMAR) approach is proposed for signal enhancement, and the traditional time-of-flight (TOF) extraction is transformed into a planar stress detection method based on amplitude spectrum analysis. To validate the effectiveness of this method, an ultrasonic measurement experimental platform for plane stress detection of steel plates was constructed. A uniaxial tensile load was applied to a 1 mm-thick Q235 steel plate with a universal testing machine, and swept-frequency excitation was employed to capture resonance signals. After noise reduction and enhancement in both time and frequency domains, the acoustic velocity frequency-domain responses at different probe rotation angles were extracted and fitted against the applied tensile stress. Experimental results demonstrated a clear correlation between acoustic velocity response and probe rotation angle, and the highest stress detection accuracy was achieved at a 45° rotation angle, with a maximum absolute error within 6 MPa. The results show that the amplitude spectrum analysis method based on EMAR significantly improves the precision and stability of plane stress detection, providing a novel and effective approach for advancing non-destructive residual stress testing technology.

Key words: stress detection, electromagnetic acoustic transducer, shear wave birefringence, low-carbon steel plate, electromagnetic acoustic resonance (EMAR)

CLC Number:

TP212

SHI Yingjie, XU Ke, LEI Tairan, ZHANG Yi. Stress Detection Method for Steel Plates Using Shear Wave Birefringence with Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 62(6): 257-266.

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URL: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/EN/10.3901/JME.260192

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