Prediction of Bonding Quality of Composite Bonded Structures Based on Ultrasonic Transmission Characteristics

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.04.230

Abstract

Abstract: Based on the non-contact ultrasonic testing method, the bonding quality of composite bonding structure is simulated and experimentally explored. Firstly, the time-domain simulation model of ultrasonic transmission characteristics of composite bonded structures is established, the frequency-domain transmission coefficient spectrum is extracted, and the effects of interface weakening and cohesion weakening on ultrasonic transmission characteristics of bonded structures are analyzed. At the same time, the spectrum of ultrasonic transmission coefficient in different bonding states is in good agreement with the calculation results of plane wave theory.In addition, fiber reinforced composite(FRP) bonding structures with different bonding interface states and adhesive layer cohesion weakening states were prepared. Based on the water immersion ultrasonic measurement system, the effects of different bonding interface states and cohesion weakening states on the ultrasonic transmission coefficient spectrum are experimentally investigated.The relationship between the ultrasonic transmission characteristics in the bonding structure and the bonding quality is analyzed,which is consistent with the simulation results. In addition, according to the mapping relationship between bonding quality and ultrasonic transmission characteristics in composite bonding structures, it also lays a solid foundation for nondestructive characterization and evaluation of composite bonding structures.

Key words: bonding structure, compound material, weak adhesion, ultrasonic transmission, water immersion experiment

CLC Number:

TB551

SONG Guorong, SONG Xiehong, LÜ Yan, LIU Bing, HE Cunfu, WU Bin. Prediction of Bonding Quality of Composite Bonded Structures Based on Ultrasonic Transmission Characteristics[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(4): 230-238.

References

[1] BALTAZAR A,WANG L,XIE B,et al. Inverse ultrasonic determination of imperfect interfaces and bulk properties of a layer between two solids[J]. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.,2003,114(3):1424-1434.
[2] 罗书舟,陈超,伍乾坤,等.复合材料单搭接胶接接头低速冲击数值模拟[J].振动与冲击,2019,38(1):142-148,186.LUO Shuzhou, CHEN Chao, WU Qiankun, et al.Numerical simulation of low velocity impact of composite single lap bonded joints[J]. Vibration and Shock,2019,38(1):142-148,186.
[3] BARNES R H,MOROZOV E V. Structural optimization of composite wind turbine blade structures with variations of internal geometry configuration[J]. Composite Structures,2016,152:158-167.
[4] ZHOU H,LIU G. A model-based ultrasonic quantitative evaluation method for bonding quality of multi-layered material[J]. Measurement,2012,45(6):1414-1423.
[5] WU W L, WANG X G, HUANG Z C, et al.Measurements of the weak bonding interfacial stiffness by using air-coupled ultrasound[J]. Aip Advances,2017,7(12):125316.
[6] BAKER A,BITTON D. Development of a proof test for through-life monitoring of bond integrity in adhesively bonded repairs to aircraft structure[J]. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives,2012,36(1):65-76.
[7] WANG X, YAO L, HUANG Z, et al. Evaluating interfacial bonding characteristics of the composite material thin layer by ultrasound delay time spectrum[J].Composite Structures,2019,222(8):110913.
[8] THOMSON W T. Transmission of elastic waves through a stratified solid medium[J]. Journal of Applied Physics,1950,21(2):89-93.
[9] 张婧.基于斜入射的粘接结构中超声波传播特性的研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2012.ZHANG Jing. Study on ultrasonic propagation characteristics in adhesive structure based on oblique incidence[D]. Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2012.
[10] 邱兆国,吴斌,何存富.弱粘接结构中谐振频率与刚度比的数值研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(6):32-37.QIU Zhaoguo,WU Bin,HE Cunfu. Numerical study on resonant frequency and stiffness ratio in weakly bonded structures[J]. Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(6):32-37.
[11] VIJAYA KUMAR R L,BHAT M R,MURTHY C R L.Some studies on evaluation of degradation in composite adhesive joints using ultrasonic techniques[J].Ultrasonics,2013,53(6):1150-1162.
[12] SIRYABE E,RENIER M,MEZIANE A,et al. Apparent anisotropy of adhesive bonds with weak adhesion and non-destructive evaluation of interfacial properties[J].Ultrasonics,2017,79:34-51.
[13] MORI N, MATSUDA N, KUSAKA T. Effect of interfacial adhesion on the ultrasonic interaction with adhesive joints:A theoretical study using spring-type interfaces[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2019,145(6):3541-3550.
[14] HE C, LI Y, LV Y, et al. Ultrasonic reflection characteristics of FRP-to-FRP bonded joints with thick adhesive layers for bonding evaluation:Theoretical analysis[J]. Composite Structures,2020,246:112402.
[15] GAUTHIER C,EL-KETTANI M E C,GALY J,et al.Lamb waves characterization of adhesion levels in aluminum/epoxy bi-layers with different cohesive and adhesive properties[J]. International Journal of Adhesion & Adhesives,2017,74:15-20.