Distribution Characteristics of Multi-physics Fields in Arc Plasma

doi:10.3901/JME.2022.08.153

Abstract

Abstract: Arc plasma heating technology is widely used in metallurgy filed. The mathematical model of DC arc plasma is established by using magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory. The coupling process of electromagnetic field, temperature field and velocity field are solved by Fluent to investigate the influence of different arc length and inlet velocity on temperature distribution, shape and axial velocity and current density of arc plasma. The results show that the characteristics distribution of arc plasma is affected by arc length and inlet velocity, but they are not linear. The temperature of arc plasma decreases along the axial direction and the radial temperature distribution is centred on the axis and gradually decreases along the radial direction of both sides. The temperature of arc plasma is distributed in a bell type. The velocity of arc plasma sharply increases in axial direction and then decreases gradually. The current density decreases exponentially along the axial direction. When the inlet velocity is 10 m/s, the effective area of arc plasma increases with the increase of arc length. When the arc length is 20 mm or 25 mm, the jet phenomenon is the most obvious, and the maximum axial velocity is about 408 m/s. The results explain the influence of different arc length and inlet velocity on arc plasma characteristics and provide a theoretical basis for the application of arc plasma heating technology.

Key words: arc plasma, temperature filed, numerical simulation, current density, arc length

CLC Number:

TG444

ZHAO Mengjing, WANG Yong, YANG Shufeng, DUAN Weiping, LIU Wei, LI Jingshe. Distribution Characteristics of Multi-physics Fields in Arc Plasma[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(8): 153-159.

References

[1] BOULOS M I,FAUCHAIS P,PFENDER E. Thermal plasmas:fundamentals and applications[M]. New York:Springer Science&Business Media,2013.
[2] 过增元,赵文华.电弧和热等离子体[M].北京:科学出版社,1986. GUO Zengyuan,ZHAO Wenhua. Arc and thermal plasma[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1986.
[3] 南條敏夫.直流电弧炉的电弧现象[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998. NANJO T. Arc phenomenon in DC electric arc furnace[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1998.
[4] CHEN Yuchao,LUO Qingxuan,SILAEN A K,et al. Multi-physics modeling of steel ingot melting by electric arc plasma and its application to electric arc furnace[J]. Frontiers in Materials,2020,7:336.
[5] 刘涛,赵梦静,杨树峰,等.中间包等离子加热工业试验[J].中国冶金,2020,30(10):36-40. LIU Tao,ZHAO Mengjing,YANG Shufeng,et al. Industrial test of plasma heating of tundish[J]. China Metallurgy,2020,30(10):36-40.
[6] YE Maolin,ZHAO Mengjing,CHEN Sai,et al. Influence of plasma heating on the metallurgical effects of a continuous casting tundish[J]. Metals,2020,10(11):1438-1447.
[7] TANAKA M,TERASAKI H,USHIO M,et al. A unified numerical modeling of stationary tungsten-inert-gas welding process[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2002,33(7):2043-2052.
[8] 姚聪林,朱红春,姜周华,等.电弧炉内长电弧等离子体的数值模拟[J].工程科学学报,2020,42(S1):60-67. YAO Conglin,ZHU Hongchun,JIANG Zhouhua,et al. Numerical simulation of long arc plasma in electric arc furnace[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Science,2020,42(S1):60-67.
[9] YAO Conglin,ZHU Hongchun,JIANG Zhouhua,et al. Numerical analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer by means of a unified model in direct current electric arc furnace[J]. Steel Research International,2021,92(6):1-10.
[10] ALEXIS J,JONSSON P,JONSSON L. Heating and electromagnetic stirring in a ladle furnace-a simulation model[J]. ISIJ International,2000,40(11):1098-1104.
[11] 鲍久圣,杨志伊,刘同冈,等.真空自由燃烧氦电弧温度场的数值模拟研究[J].真空,2006(4):58-61. BAO Jiusheng,YANG Zhiyi,LIU Tonggang,et al. Numerical simulation study on the temperature field of vacuum free combustion helium arc[J]. Vacuum,2006(4):58-61.
[12] LIU Senhui,TRELLES J P,MURPHY A B,et al. Numerical simulation of the flow characteristics inside a novel plasma spray torch[J]. Journal of Physics:D Applied Physics,2019,52(33):1-17.
[13] JIAN Xiaoxia,WU Chuansong. Numerical analysis of the coupled arc-weld pool-keyhole behaviors in stationary plasma arc welding[J]. International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2015,84:839-847.
[14] TRELLES J P,PFENDER E,HEBERLEIN J. Multiscale finite element modeling of arc dynamics in a DC plasma torch[J]. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing,2006,26(6):557-575.
[15] 陈浩.电弧加热等离子体流动特性研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2014. CHEN Hao. Research on arc heating plasma flow characteristics[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2014.
[16] 肖磊,樊丁,黄健康.交变磁场作用下的GTAW非稳态电弧数值模拟[J].机械工程学报,2018,54(16):79-85. XIAO Lei,FAN Ding,HUANG Jiankang. Numerical simulation of unsteady arc in GTAW with alternate axial magnetic field[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2018,54(16):79-85.
[17] 董其鹏,张炯明,雷少武,等.直流等离子体电弧特性的模拟[J].焊接学报,2014,35(12):27-30,2. DONG Qipeng,ZHANG Jiongming,LEI Shaowu,et al. Simulation of characteristics of DC plasma arc[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2014,35(12):27-30,2.
[18] 翟泽,许四祥,郭宏晨,等.基于FLUENT的等离子弧数值模拟[J].热加工工艺,2014,43(3):199-202,205. ZHAI Ze,XU Sixiang,GUO Hongchen,et al. Numerical simulation of plasma arc based on FLUENT[J]. Thermal Processing Technology,2014,43(3):199-202,205.
[19] 田君国,邓晶,李要建,等.自由燃烧电弧的磁流体动力学数值模拟[J].力学学报,2011,43(1):32-38. TIAN Junguo,DENG Jing,LI Yaojian,et al. Magnetohydrodynamics numerical simulation of free combustion arc[J]. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2011,43(1):32-38.
[20] 黄卫星,武劭恂,司徒达志,等.直流电弧等离子炬温度场-电场分布特性数值模拟[J].工程科学与技术,2020,52(5):236-241. HUANG Weixing,WU Shaoxun,SITU Dazhi,et al. Numerical simulation of temperature field and electric field distribution characteristics of DC arc plasma torch[J]. Engineering Science and Technology,2020,52(5):236-241.
[21] 殷凤良,胡绳荪,李力,等.等离子体发生器的数值模拟方法[J].机械工程学报,2007,43(9):156-160. YIN Fengliang,HU Shengsun,LI Li,et al. Numerical simulation method of plasma arc generator[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2007,43(9):156-160.
[22] LI Linmin,LI Baokuan,LIU Lichao,et al. Numerical Modeling of fluid flow,heat transfer and arc-melt interaction in tungsten inert gas welding[J]. High Temperature Materials and Processes,2017,36(4):427-439.
[23] HSU K C,ETEMADI K,PFENDER E. Study of the free-burning high-intensity argon arc[J]. Journal of Applied Physics,1983,54(3):1293-1301.
[24] 邓晶,李要建,王蕊,等.等离子体电弧炉内流动与传热数值模拟[J].工程热物理学报,2010,31(5):879-882. DENG Jing,LI Yaojian,WANG Rui,et al. Numerical simulation of flow and heat transfer in plasma arc furnace[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2010,31(5):879-882.
[25] 彭小飞,马国红,张玉刚,等.基于Fluent模拟TIG电弧燃烧[J].热加工工艺,2016,45(1):176-179. PENG Xiaofei,MA Guohong,ZHANG Yugang,et al. Simulation of TIG arc combustion based on Fluent[J]. Hot Working Technology,2016,45(1):176-179.