Research on Non-destructive Testing of Rail White Etching Layer Based on Magnetic Barkhausen Noise

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.18.049

Abstract

Abstract: A nondestructive inspection system for white etching layer (WEL) on rail is designed and built based on the Magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN). The U75V rail is ground to prefabricate the WEL. The ground rail specimen is magnetized by sinusoidal signal with 1 Hz, 8 V, and the MBN signal generated on the surface is collected. The relationships between the geometric characteristics, microstructure of WEL on rail and the characteristic values of MBN signal are studied. The influence mechanism of WEL on MBN signal is analyzed. The results show that the WEL will reduce the MBN signal intensity on the rail surface because it is difficult to be magnetized. When no obvious WEL is produced on the specimen, the residual tensile stress caused by grinding makes the peak to peak value (V_PP) and root mean square value (V_RMS) of MBN signal higher, The V_PP and V_RMS of the signal decrease obviously when the WEL appears on the ground rail specimen. The martensite grains in the WEL are fine, and the existence of a large number of grain boundaries has a strong pinning effect on the magnetic domains. In the effective detection area, when the thickness of the WEL increases, the number of magnetic domains those can deflect in the subsurface will decrease, thus weakening the MBN signal strength transmitted from the subsurface to the surface. V_PP and V_RMS of MBN signal both show the linearly negative correlation with the WEL thickness (d_WEL) and the WEL area (S_WEL). The V_RMS and WEL area has the best linear fitting result. Pearson coefficient is -0.896 9, and the linear fitting degree is 0.794 1. The characteristic value of MBN signal can quantitatively analyze the thickness and area of the WEL on rail. The experimental results have a certain guiding significance for the maintenance of the service rail.

Key words: magnetic Barkhausen noise, rail, white etching layer, microstructure

CLC Number:

TH117

JIANG Shenghui, DING Haohao, ZHANG Xiang, PENG Jianping, WANG Wenjian, LIU Qiyue, GUO Jun. Research on Non-destructive Testing of Rail White Etching Layer Based on Magnetic Barkhausen Noise[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(18): 49-57.

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