A Hybrid Method for Efficient Simulation and Feasibility Study of Guided-wave Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers for Inspection of Metallic Tubes with Small Diameters

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.10.034

Abstract

Abstract: Small-diameter metallic tubes (SMTs) are widely employed in key structures of such engineering fields as aerospace, chemical, etc. It is indispensable to periodically inspect SMTs by using nondestructive evaluation techniques. Guided-wave electromagnetic acoustic transduction (GW-EMAT) is advantageous in evaluation of SMTs. The numerical simulation methods such as finite element modelling (FEM) are preferable for GW-EMAT simulations, and the field computation regarding electromagnetics and structural mechanics is involved. However, the frequency of the excitation current of GW-EMAT is several hundred kilo-Hertz, thus the penetration depth of eddy currents induced within the tube is small, which results in the extremely dense mesh for discretizing the solution region and a large amount of time for calculating testing signals. In light of this, a hybrid method integrating the analytical modelling with FEM for efficient simulation of GW-EMAT for inspection of SMTs is proposed. The electromagnetic field is solved by analytical method, and then the lorentz force is imported into the FEM simulation to solve the structural field. Fast computation regarding field quantities of electromagnetics and structural mechanics is realized with the efficient calculation of testing signals, and the accuracy is up to 98%. The proposed method is verified via full-FEM. Following this, through simulations and experiments the modes of the guided waves generated by the proposed GW-EMAT probe are identified, whilst the feasibility of the proposed probe in detection and localization of defects in SMTs is confirmed.

Key words: small-diameter metallic tubes, guided-wave electromagnetic acoustic transduction, hybrid simulation method, ultrasonic guided wave mode, defect detection and localization

CLC Number:

TG115

CAI Rui, LI Yong, LIU Tianhao, PEI Cuixiang, CHEN Zhenmao. A Hybrid Method for Efficient Simulation and Feasibility Study of Guided-wave Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers for Inspection of Metallic Tubes with Small Diameters[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(10): 34-41.

References

[1] SOPHIAN A,TIAN Guiyun,FAN Mengbao. Pulsed eddy current non-destructive testing and evaluation:A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017(30):500-514.
[2] 刘宝,徐彦霖,王增勇,等. 涡流检测技术及进展[J]. 兵工自动化,2006,25(3):80-82. LIU Bao,XU Yanlin,WANG Zengyong,et al. Eddy current testing technique and development[J]. Ordnance Industry Automation,2006,25(3):80-82.
[3] 雷华. 浅析金属构件的涡流无损检测方法[J]. 现代制造技术与装备,2018(8):137-138. LEI Hua. Analysis of non destructive testing method for eddy current in metal components[J]. Modern Manufacturing Technology and Equipment,2018(8):137-138.
[4] 卢伟. 薄壁管涡流检测的不确定度评定[J]. 无损检测,2018,40(6):47-51. LU Wei. Evaluation of uncertainty in eddy current testing[J]. Nondestructive Testing,2018,40(6):47-51.
[5] 刘元林,梅晨,唐庆菊,等. 红外热成像检测技术研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 机械设计与制造,2015(6):260-262. LIU Yuanlin,MEI Chen,TANG Qingju,et al. Research status and development trend of infrared thermal imaging detection technology[J]. Machinery Design & Manufacture,2015(6):260-262.
[6] 陈大鹏,毛宏霞,肖志河. 红外热成像无损检测技术现状及发展[J]. 计算机测量与控制,2016,24(4):1-6. CHEN Dapeng,MAO Hongxia,XIAO Zhihe. Infrared thermography NDT and its development[J]. Computer Measurement & Control,2016,24(4):1-6.
[7] LIU Haochen,XIE Shejuan,PEI Cuixiang,et al. Development of a fast numerical simulator for infrared thermography testing signals of delamination defect in a multilayered plate[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2018,14(12):5544-5552.
[8] 邬冠华,熊鸿建. 中国射线检测技术现状及研究进展[J].仪器仪表学报,2016,37(8):1683-1695. WU Guanhua,XIONG Hongjian. Radio graphy testing in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2016,37(8):1683-1695.
[9] 徐丽,张幸红,韩杰才. 航空航天复合材料无损检测研究现状[J]. 材料导报,2005,19(8):79-82,95. XU Li,ZHANG Xinghong,HAN Jiecai. Review of NDE of composite materials in aerospace fields[J]. Materials Reports,2005,19(8):79-82,95.
[10] 黄松龄,王哲,王坤,等. 管道电磁超声导波技术及其应用研究进展[J]. 仪器仪表学报,2018,39(3):1-12. HUANG Songling,WANG Zhe,WANG Kun,et al. Review on advances of pipe electromagnetic ultrasonic guided waves technology and its application[J]. Journal of Scientific Instrument,2018,39(3):1-12.
[11] 刘燕,王悦民,孙丰瑞,等. 板状结构缺陷电磁超声导波检测技术研究进展[J]. 无损检测,2012,34(10):60-66. LIU Yan,WANG Yuemin,SUN Fengrui,et al. Progress in research of electromagnetic acoustic transducer technique for the plate-like structure defect detection[J]. Nondestructive Testing,2012,34(10):60-66.
[12] CONG Ming,WU Xinjun,QIAN Chunqiao. A longitudinal mode electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) based on a permanent magnet chain for pipe inspection[J]. Sensors,2016,16(5):740.
[13] SONG Xiaochun,QIU Gongzhe. Optimization of a focusable and rotatable shear-wave periodic permanent magnet electromagnetic acoustic transducers for plates inspection[J]. Sensors,2017,17:2722.
[14] 周进节,郑阳,张宗健,等. 基于电磁超声换能器阵列的管道螺旋导波传播规律研究[J]. 机械工程学报,2018,54(22):39-46. ZHOU Jinjie,ZHENG Yang,ZHANG Zongjian,et al. Helical mode guided waves in pipe observed by electromagnetic acoustic transducer array[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engine-ering,2018,54(22):39-46.
[15] 孙斐然,孙振国,张文增,等. 基于洛伦兹力机制的电磁超声发射换能器的建模与优化[J]. 机械工程学报,2016,52(6):12-21. SUN Feiran,SUN Zhenguo,ZHANG Wenzeng,et al. Review of modeling method and optimum design of EMAT transmitters based on Lorentz principle[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(6):12-21.
[16] 李勇,陈振茂,李一力,等.一种全周径向励磁电磁超声换能器:中国,201410163926.2[P]. 2014-08-06. LI Yong,CHEN Zhenmao,LI Yili,et al. A full-circumference radial excitation EMAT:China,201410163926.2[P]. 2014-08-06.
[17] LI Yong,CAI Rui,YAN Bei,et al. A Capsule-type electromagnetic acoustic transducer for fast screening of external corrosion in nonmagnetic pipes[J]. Sensors,2018,18(6):1733.
[18] LI Yong,YAN Bei,LI Wenjia,et al. Pulse-modulation eddy current probes for imaging of external corrosion in nonmagnetic pipes[J]. NDT&E International,2017,88:51-58.
[19] LI Yong,LIU Xiangbiao,CHEN Zhenmao,et al. A fast forward model of pulsed eddy current inspection of multilayered tubular structures[J]. International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics,2014,45:417-423.
[20] 何存富,吴斌,王秀彦. 固体中的超声波[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2004. HE Cunfu,WU Bin,WANG Xiuyan. Ultrasonic waves in solid media[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2004.