Study of Shaping Processing Method for Deep Hole Keyway Based on Symmetry Degree On-line Detection and Compensation

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.11.222

Abstract

Abstract: Shaping processing of circular quartering keyway in deep hole often exhibits low accuracy, low symmetry between keyway and the reference plane, which is also difficult to control. On the analysis of why the symmetry out of permission, and the use of form and location tolerance measurement principle, and the method of measurement and evaluation of space symmetry error, a new machining method based on symmetry detection and compensation on line is proposed by means of controlling the angel between the projection line and the standard line. A double combined manual self-cantering fixture is also designed to realize the radial self-cantering and axial location, and the reference plane of built-in straight slot is derived out to make it detectable and controllable. An online multi-degree of freedom symmetry detection device and corresponding numerical control (NC) programs are also designed for automatic detection and control of symmetry error. Subsequently, mass production of high symmetric deep hole keyways are finished by means of NC gear shaper servo control of rotating shaft angle compensation and bidirectional cutter back-off amount translation compensation, and combination of NC control of fixed angle processing. Deep hole keyway processing examples indicate that the fixture structure and the online multi-degree of freedom symmetry detection device is reasonable and reliable, which can keep the symmetry error of deep hole keyway within 0.03 mm. And it provided a new processing approach for high precision deep hole keyway processing.

Key words: deep hole keyway, self-centering fixture, shaping processing, space symmetry degree, symmetry degree detection device, symmetry error compensation

CLC Number:

TH3
TH12

ZHAO Chunhua, LIANG Zhipeng, QIN Hongling. Study of Shaping Processing Method for Deep Hole Keyway Based on Symmetry Degree On-line Detection and Compensation[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(11): 222-232.

References

[1] 郭崇颖,刘检华,唐承统,等. 基于几何特征变动向量的几何误差评定方法[J]. 计算机集成制造系统, 2015, 21(10):2604-2612. GUO Congying, LIU Jianhua, TANG Chengtong, et al. Evaluation of geometry error based on deviation vector of geometry feature[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2015, 21(10):2604-2612.
[2] PENG S. Design and application of group fixture in machining inner hole keyway[J]. Group Technology & Production Modernization, 2012, 29(4):012.
[3] WANG W E, LIAO L R. Processing technic and machine analysis of 180 symmetric keyway of the large key shaft[J]. Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool, 2011, (2):72-75.
[4] 赵国强,武迎迎,张春明. 高精度深通孔内键槽铣削柔性工艺研究[J]. 机械制造, 2015, 53(605):71-73. ZHAO Guoqiang, WU Yingying, ZHANG Chunming. Study of flexible milling processing on high precision deep hole keyway[J]. Machinery, 2015, 53(605):71-73.
[5] 何改云. 形位误差的逼近原理及算法研究[D]. 天津:天津大学, 2006. HE Gaiyun. Research on the approach theory and algorithm for evaluating geometrical errors[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University, 2006.
[6] 刘焕牢. 数控机床几何误差测量及误差补偿技术的研究[D]. 武汉:华中科技大学, 2005. LIU Huanlao. Research on the geometric error measurement and error compensation of the numerical control machine tools[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong University, 2005.
[7] 焦青松,李迪,王世勇,等. 刀剪三轴端面磨削控制及误差补偿方法研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2015, 51(7):206-212. JIAO Qingsong, LI Di, WANG Shiyong, et, al. Study on control and error compensation method of 3-axis surface grinding for knifes and scissors[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 51(7):206-212.
[8] 张成新,高峰,李艳,等. 基于分段拟合的机床大尺寸工作台热误差补偿模型[J]. 机械工程学报,2015,51(3):146-152. ZHANG Chengxin, GAO Feng, LI Yan, et, al. Model of thermal error compensation of large size worktable for machine tools based on piecewise fitting[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 51(3):146-152.
[9] WANG Z, FU L, LI Y F. Unified detection of skewed rotation, reflection and translation symmetries from affine invariant contour features[J]. Pattern Recognition, 2014, 47(4):1764-1776.
[10] BOKELOH M, BERNER A, WAND M, et al. Symmetry detection using feature lines[J]. Euro graphics, 2009, 28(2):697-706.
[11] 周圣铧,王君泽,张小萍. 对称度误差的快速精确评定[J]. 制造技术与机床, 2011(5):104-107. ZHOU Shenghua, WANG Junze, ZHANG Xiaoping. A fast and precise evaluation method for symmetry error[J]. Manufacturing Technology and Machine Tools, 2011(5):104-107.
[12] 赵小明,谢江,娄晨辉. 基于通用量具的轮毂孔双键键槽对称度误差的测量方法[J]. 煤矿机械, 2011, 32(7):110-113. ZHAO Xiaoming, XIE Jiang, LOU Chenhui. Measurement method for symmetry error of double keyway in wheel hub bore based on universal measuring instrument[J]. Coal Mine Machinery, 2011, 32(7):110-113.
[13] 王明强,石红斌,李钦奉,等. 大型结构件孔内键槽铣削专用机床研制[J]. 机床与液压, 2002(6):270-271. WANG Mingqiang,SHI Hongbin,LI Qinfeng,et al. Lathe for milling female keyway of large-scale structure part[J]. Machine Tool & Hydraulics, 2002(6):270-271.
[14] 周泽华. 金属切削原理[M]. 上海:上海科学技术出版社, 1984. ZHOU Zehua. Metal cutting principle[M] Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1984.
[15] NAYLER J L. KEYS and keyways[M]. Newnes Engineer's Pocket Book (Sixth Edition), Nayler J L:Butterworth-Heinemann, 1971.
[16] 蔡云. 大型轴端键槽加工用夹具的设计与应用[J]. 煤矿机械, 2015, 36(3):133-134. CAI Yun. Design and application of fixture for machining of large shaft end keyway[J]. Coal Mine Machinery, 2015, 36(3):133-134.
[17] 闫文平,宋佳妮,周立波. 小型轴键槽加工夹紧装置优化设计[J]. 机械设计与制造, 2010(12):267-268. YAN Wenping, SONG Jiani, ZHOU Libo. Small shaft keyway optimization clamping device[J]. Machinery Design and Manufacture, 2010(12):267-268.
[18] 王斌武, 张德全. 基于插削实现高精度深内孔长键槽的加工方法[J]. 煤炭技术, 2005, 24(9):10-11. WANG Binwu, ZHANG Dequan. A processing technique for deep hole and long keyway with high precision using slotting[J]. Coal Technology, 2005, 24(9):10-11.
[19] 许洪昌,潘良贤,刘敏全,等. 起落架深孔内键槽精密加工技术[J]. 航空工艺技术, 1996, 3(6):10-11. XU Hongchang, PAN Liangxian, LIU Mingquan, et al. Precision machining of internal deep hole keyway of landing gear[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 1996, 3(6):10-11.
[20] 刘笃喜, 吴志明. 一种保证键槽对称度测量与加工精度的装置[J]. 机械科学与技术, 1995(6):113-116. LIU Duxi, WU Zhiming. A device for assuring precision of symmetry tolerance in measuring and machining of key slots[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology, 1995(6):113-116.
[21] 苑国英, 赵卓贤, 周清芬. 对称度误差的测量和评定[J]. 计量技术, 1992, (1):4-6. YUAN Guoying, ZHAO Zuoxian, ZHOU Qingfen. Measurement and evaluation of symmetry error[J]. Measurement Technique, 1992, (1):4-6.
[22] 周一勤. 马波斯在机检测技术应用在航空航天工业[J]. 机械工人.冷加工, 2006(11):18-19. ZHOU Yiqin. The application of online measuring technology on the aerospace industry[J]. Machinist Metal Cutting, 2006(11):18-19.
[23] 黄选平, 邓伟俊. 数控宏程序与马波斯测量仪的配合应用[J]. 铁道机车车辆工人, 2006(5):22-26. HUANG Xuanping, DENG Weijun. The coordinated application of NC macro program and marposs measurement instrument[J]. Railway Locomotive and Rolling Stock Workers, 2006(5):22-26.