地铁车辆在高架桥梁上运行时车体垂向动态响应分析

doi:10.3901/JME.260199

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 车辆与桥梁的耦合振动行为对车辆运行安全性与平稳性具有重要影响。基于向量式有限元法，建立我国某条地铁快线的列车-轨道-桥梁耦合振动模型，模型将轨道和桥梁考虑为欧拉梁，车体、构架和轮对为刚体。利用车辆振动测试数据验证模型的准确性，并利用模型对车辆通过桥梁时动态响应的影响因素进行分析。结果表明：车辆以114 km/h的速度通过高架桥时车体会产生明显的点头共振，车体的左前和右后地板垂向振动加速度幅值相同，相位基本相反；改变车辆的运行速度和提高二系悬挂阻尼系数能降低车辆点头共振的加速度响应；随着桥梁跨距增加，车辆发生点头共振的运行速度增加，但对应的通过频率均在0.943 Hz附近，相较于30 m的桥梁跨距，车辆通过跨距为24 m和36 m桥梁时的车体最大点头加速度有显著降低。

关键词: 向量式有限元, 车-轨-桥耦合, 垂向响应, 点头共振

Abstract: The coupled vibration behavior of vehicles and bridges has an important influence on the running safety and ride comfort of the vehicle. A vector form intrinsic finite-element method is used to establish the train-track-bridge coupling vibration model of a subway express line in China. The model considers the track and bridge as Euler beams, but the carbody, bogie frames, and wheelsets are treated as rigid bodies. The accuracy of the model is verified by using the vibration test data of the vehicle. The model is used to analyze the influencing factors of the dynamic response of the caybody when it runs on the bridge. The results show that the carbody generates obvious pitch resonance when it runs on the bridge at a speed of 114 km/h. The acceleration amplitudes of the left front and right rear floors of the carbody are the same, but the vibration phase of the left front and right rear floors is basically opposite. Varying the operating speed of the vehicle and increasing the damping coefficient of the secondary suspension can reduce the acceleration response of the carbody's pitch resonance. The operating speed of pitching resonance increases with increasing the bridge span, but the corresponding passing frequencies are all around 0.943 Hz. Compared to the bridge span of 30 m, the maximum pitch acceleration of the carbody is significantly reduced when the vehicle passes through the bridge with spans of 24 m and 36 m.

Key words: vector form intrinsic finite element, vehicle-track-bridge dynamic interaction, vertical response, pitch resonance

中图分类号:

U211

秦清扬, 陶功权, 温泽峰, 任愈. 地铁车辆在高架桥梁上运行时车体垂向动态响应分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 62(6): 359-369.

QIN Qingyang, TAO Gongquan, WEN Zefeng, REN Yu. Analysis of the Vertical Dynamic Response of the Carbody When the Subway Vehicle Runs on the Bridge[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 62(6): 359-369.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260199

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V62/I6/359

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