基于磁致伸缩SH0导波传感器换能曲线的表面硬度无损检测方法

doi:10.3901/JME.260189

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (6): 228-236.doi: 10.3901/JME.260189

• 仪器科学与技术 • 上一篇

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基于磁致伸缩SH₀导波传感器换能曲线的表面硬度无损检测方法

原源¹, 刘秀成², 祁攀³, 曹文博¹, 王峥鸿¹, 吴斌², 高翔²

1. 北京工业大学机械与能源工程学院北京 100124;
2. 北京工业大学信息科学技术学院北京 100124;
3. 核动力运行研究所武汉 430223

收稿日期:2025-05-05 修回日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2026-05-12
作者简介:原源,男,2000年出生。主要研究方向为电磁超声无损检测。E-mail:yuanyuan@emails.bjut.edu.cn
高翔(通信作者),男,1991年出生,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为无损检测,电磁超声导波。E-mail:gaoxiang@bjut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(12474436,U24A20132)和核动力运行研究所开放基础基金(YYJJ-105-2023-04)资助项目。

A Non-Destructive Surface Hardness Testing Method Utilizing the Transduction Curve of a Magnetostrictive SH₀ Guided Wave Sensor

YUAN Yuan¹, Liu Xiucheng², QI Pan³, Cao Wenbo¹, Wang Zhenghong¹, WU Bin², Gao Xiang²

1. College of Mechanical&Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124;
2. College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124;
3. China Research Institute of Nuclear Power Operation, Wuhan 430223

Received:2025-05-05 Revised:2025-09-25 Published:2026-05-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 硬度是金属材料机械性能的核心指标之一，而传统的有损检测方法难以满足复杂服役结构对完整性与高效检测的要求。为此，提出一种基于磁致伸缩SH₀模态导波传感器换能曲线的铁磁性材料表面硬度无损检测新方法。首先，构建自主设计的电磁声换能器(Electromagnetic acoustic transducer，EMAT)试验系统，测量得到不同偏置磁场强度下激励并接收SH₀导波信号。随后，绘制导波幅值随磁场变化的换能响应曲线。最后，选取典型特征参数(如幅值最大值、均值、差值等)表征材料磁声换能和硬度之间规律。研究结果表明，不同硬度试样的换能曲线形状和特征参数呈现显著差异。分析不同特征参数与硬度的线性相关度，优选出导波幅值最大值A_Max、导波幅值均值A_Mean与其差值∆A参数。鉴于它们与硬度变化表现出良好的趋势一致性与区域适应性，可作为高可靠性的无损表征指标。本方法实现了材料硬度的非接触、高灵敏、定量化检测，为铁磁性材料的硬度无损检测提供了新思路。

关键词: 无损检测, 磁致伸缩效应, 电磁声换能器, 传感器换能曲线, 硬度预测模型

Abstract: Hardness is one of the core indicators of the mechanical properties of metallic materials. Traditional destructive testing methods are often inadequate for meeting the requirements of structural integrity and high-efficiency inspection in complex service environments. A non-destructive surface hardness evaluation method for ferromagnetic materials is proposed based on the transduction efficiency curve of a magnetostrictive SH₀-mode guided wave sensor. An experimental system with a self-developed electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) is firstly constructed and then the excited and received SH₀ guided wave signals under different bias magnetic field intensities are measured. Subsequently, the variations of the amplitude of guided waves with magnetic field intensity are determined to plot transduction response curves. Finally, representative characteristic parameters, including maximum amplitude A_Max, mean amplitude A_Mean, and amplitude difference ∆A, are extracted to characterize the magnetoacoustic transduction behavior of the material. The transduction curve profiles and characteristic parameters differed significantly among specimens with varying hardness levels. Further analyses revealed the strong linear correlation between specific parameters and material hardness. A_Max, A_Mean, and ∆A exhibited the consistent trends and good regional adaptability. These parameters could be used as highly reliable non-destructive indicators for hardness evaluation. This method achieved the non-contact, highly sensitive, and quantitative hardness assessment and offered a novel approach for the non-destructive evaluation of the hardness of ferromagnetic materials.

Key words: non-destructive testing, magnetostrictive effect, electromagnetic acoustic transducer, sensor transduction curve, hardness prediction model

中图分类号:

TG156

原源, 刘秀成, 祁攀, 曹文博, 王峥鸿, 吴斌, 高翔. 基于磁致伸缩SH₀导波传感器换能曲线的表面硬度无损检测方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 62(6): 228-236.

YUAN Yuan, Liu Xiucheng, QI Pan, Cao Wenbo, Wang Zhenghong, WU Bin, Gao Xiang. A Non-Destructive Surface Hardness Testing Method Utilizing the Transduction Curve of a Magnetostrictive SH₀ Guided Wave Sensor[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 62(6): 228-236.

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http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V62/I6/228

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基于磁致伸缩SH₀导波传感器换能曲线的表面硬度无损检测方法

A Non-Destructive Surface Hardness Testing Method Utilizing the Transduction Curve of a Magnetostrictive SH₀ Guided Wave Sensor

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