• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (20): 94-100.doi: 10.3901/JME.2015.20.094

• 材料科学与工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

机械振动对激光焊接接头组织的影响

彭必荣1, 卢庆华1,2, 何晓峰1, 郭崇1   

  1. 1.上海工程技术大学材料工程学院 上海 201620;
    2.上海工程技术大学上海市高强激光智能加工装备关键技术产学研开发中心 上海 201620;
  • 出版日期:2015-10-15 发布日期:2015-10-15
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51305253)

Effects of Mechanical Vibration on Microstructure of Laser Welded Joint

PENG Birong1, LU Qinghua1,2, HE Xiaofeng1, GUO Chong1   

  1. 1.School of Materials Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620;
    2.Shanghai Research & Development Center for Key Technologies of Intelligent Equipments of Ultra-Intense Laser Processing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 20162
  • Online:2015-10-15 Published:2015-10-15

摘要: 振动焊接工艺能有效细化接头组织晶粒,降低残余应力,提高焊接质量。为了研究振动焊接工艺在激光焊接方面的应用,选用316不锈钢作为试验材料,利用机械振动辅助激光焊接的工艺方法,通过改变机械振动参数和焊接速度,利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察焊后接头组织,对比分析不同振动频率和焊接速度下接头的微观组织形貌。结果表明,机械振动可以细化焊后组织中形成的柱状晶,使柱状枝晶破碎且向不同方向生长,晶轴间与焊缝中心处的等轴晶增加。提高焊接速度后,振动的加入能够细化焊缝区出现的粗大柱状晶。同时,振动可以减少焊后在奥氏体基体晶界处形成的网状高温铁素体和点状碳化物,使其趋于弥散。试验还对焊接接头进行显微硬度测试,发现振动焊接下得到的焊缝区接头组织硬度较高,且较高共振频率下硬度增加明显。

关键词: 机械振动, 激光焊接, 微观组织

Abstract: The welding quality of welded joints can be improved effectively with vibratory welding process. To study the application of vibratory welding process on laser welding, 316 stainless steel is selected for the laser-vibration welding experiments. According to changing the vibration parameters and welding speeds, the microstructures of welded joints are observed with optical and scanning electron microscope, and are analyzed by contrast in different welding speeds and vibration frequencies. The results show that the columnar dendrites formed after welding are refined. The equiaxed dendrites in the center of weld bead and between the crystal axes are increasing. Meanwhile, the net-like σ-Fe and the dot-like carbides on the grain boundary of austenitic substrate are reduced and more diffuse with the mechanical vibration. In addition, microhardness test of the welded joints is conducted. The hardness of weld bead is higher with vibratory welding than that without vibration. It can also be found that the hardness is dramatically increased at a high resonance frequency.

Key words: laser welding, mechanical vibration, microstructure

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