加载顺序对LZ50车轴钢短裂纹扩展行为的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.12.118

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (12): 118-126.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.12.118

• 材料科学与工程 • 上一篇

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加载顺序对LZ50车轴钢短裂纹扩展行为的影响

杨冰¹, 黄勉¹, 周旻昊^1,2, 肖守讷¹, 阳光武¹, 朱涛¹

1. 西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室成都 610031;
2. 中航光电科技股份有限公司洛阳 471003

收稿日期:2024-07-11 修回日期:2025-01-09 发布日期:2025-08-07
作者简介:杨冰(通信作者)，男，1979年出生，博士，研究员，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为车辆结构强度及材料疲劳与断裂。E-mail：yb@swjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52375159)、四川省国际科技创新合作(2022YFH0075)和轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室自主课题(2025RVL-T14)资助项目。

Effect of Loading Sequence on Short Crack Propagation Behavior of LZ50 Axle Steel

YANG Bing¹, HUANG Mian¹, ZHOU Minhao^1,2, XIAO Shoune¹, YANG Guangwu¹, ZHU Tao¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031;
2. AVIV Jonhon Optronic Technology Co., Ltd., Luoyang 471003

Received:2024-07-11 Revised:2025-01-09 Published:2025-08-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以铁道车辆车轴用LZ50钢为对象，开展不同加载顺序下的旋转弯曲试样疲劳复型试验。分别利用激光共聚焦显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对复型膜和试样断口进行观测分析，结果表明，在高-低和低-高2种加载顺序下，短裂纹萌生与扩展的总体规律基本相同，即裂纹均萌生于铁素体晶界，且在裂纹扩展过程中均出现了两次较为明显的速率下降；在微观短裂纹阶段，微观结构障碍对裂纹扩展速率起主导作用；在物理短裂纹阶段，微观结构障碍影响逐渐减弱，裂纹扩展速率主要受载荷幅值影响，扩展速率随载荷幅值的增加而持续快速增加至试样断裂。在旋转弯曲载荷作用下，断口均呈现多疲劳裂纹源状态，但扩展区的形貌和瞬断区位置差异较大：高-低加载顺序下扩展区疲劳条带的间距比低-高加载试样断口的间距更窄，瞬断区韧窝数量更多。对短裂纹扩展率模型进行了修正，修正后的模型对不同加载顺序下试验结果具有良好的拟合效果，能够反映出微观组织结构和加载顺序对短裂纹疲劳行为的影响。

关键词: LZ50钢, 短裂纹, 加载顺序, 扩展率

Abstract: Taking LZ50 steel for railway vehicle axle as the object, the fatigue replica tests of rotating bending specimens under different loading sequences were carried out. The results show that the overall law of short crack initiation and propagation is basically the same under the two loading sequences of high low and low high, that is, the cracks all originate at the ferrite grain boundary, and there are two obvious rate decreases in the process of crack propagation; In the stage of micro short crack (MSC), the microstructure size barrier plays a leading role in the crack growth rate; In the stage of physical short crack (PSC), the influence of microstructure obstacle decreases gradually. The crack growth rate is mainly affected by the load amplitude. The growth rate increases continuously and rapidly with the increase of load amplitude until the specimen breaks. Under the rotating bending load, the fracture surfaces show multiple fatigue crack sources, but there are great differences in the morphology of the propagation zone and the location of the instantaneous fracture zone：the spacing of fatigue bands in the propagation zone is narrower and the number of dimples in the instantaneous fracture zone is more in the high-low loading sequence than in the low-high loading sample. The short crack growth rate model is modified. The modified model has a good fitting effect on the test results under different loading sequences, and can reflect the influence of microstructure and loading sequence on the short crack fatigue behavior.

Key words: LZ50 axle steel, short crack, loading sequence, growth rate

中图分类号:

U279

杨冰, 黄勉, 周旻昊, 肖守讷, 阳光武, 朱涛. 加载顺序对LZ50车轴钢短裂纹扩展行为的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(12): 118-126.

YANG Bing, HUANG Mian, ZHOU Minhao, XIAO Shoune, YANG Guangwu, ZHU Tao. Effect of Loading Sequence on Short Crack Propagation Behavior of LZ50 Axle Steel[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(12): 118-126.

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加载顺序对LZ50车轴钢短裂纹扩展行为的影响

Effect of Loading Sequence on Short Crack Propagation Behavior of LZ50 Axle Steel

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