• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (12): 151-158.doi: 10.3901/JME.2022.12.151

• 运载工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

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高速动车组转向架牵引制动载荷及损伤特征研究

任尊松, 赵宇嘉, 李玉怡, 王斌杰, 吴养民   

  1. 北京交通大学机械与电子工程学院 北京 100044
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-20 修回日期:2022-01-22 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-09-14
  • 作者简介:任尊松,男,1969年出生,博士,教授。主要研究方向为车辆动力学及结构强度。E-mail:zsren@bjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(11790281)

Loads and Damage Characteristics of the Traction and Brake Devices of Bogie of High Speed EMU

REN Zunsong, ZHAO Yujia, LI Yuyi, WANG Binjie, WU Yangmin   

  1. School of Mechanical, Electrical & Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044
  • Received:2021-09-20 Revised:2022-01-22 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-09-14

摘要: 牵引装置和制动装置是高速动车组的重要部件,前者牵引列车车体和转向架行进,后者停止列车前行。牵引和制动均产生载荷,引起转向架相应结构产生损伤甚至疲劳。目前高速动车组牵引和制动方面的研究主要关注牵引功率和制动类型及效率等,极少关注结构自身承受的载荷和引起的损伤。提出高速动车组牵引装置和制动装置载荷测试方法,实际线路测试某型高速动车组运行过程中牵引和制动载荷引起的应变信号,数据处理后获得这两种载荷的时间历程和频域内幅值谱分布。分析列车速度、曲线通过以及运行方式对载荷的影响,获得列车启动加速、惰行、减速以及制动等工况下的载荷特性。采用雨流计数法,统计并给出不同速度下两种载荷的载荷谱。构建多种速度下两种载荷的载荷谱,计算牵引和制动等效载荷,给出不同幅值载荷对结构的损伤贡献。结果表明,牵引载荷与列车运行速度和运行状态密切相关,与列车曲线通过无关。制动载荷不仅与速度和制动有关,而且与制动装置振动密切相关,与列车曲线通过关系不明显。牵引装置的结构损伤主要由牵引载荷引起,振动载荷对其结构损伤贡献较小。制动装置的结构损伤由振动和制动载荷引起。

关键词: 高速动车组, 牵引载荷, 制动载荷, 线路试验, 特征分析, 损伤

Abstract: Traction set and brake device are the key parts of the high speed electric multi-unit(EMU). The traction sets make the carbody and the bogies move together. The brake devices stop the train. Traction performance and brake action exert forces on the devices and the bogies to cause the damage and fatigue of the structures. Currently, the traction and brake investigations focus on the traction power, drive forces, brake type, brake efficiency and so on. Seldom studies related to the loads of the two type of devices of the EMU could be found. The measurement methods of the traction loads and brake forces are presented. The devices are manufactured to test the two type of loads. The loads are measured with field experiment at Datong-Xian high speed railway. After dealt with the sampled data, the two kinds of forces are obtained in time domain and frequency domain. The effect of the operation speed, curve passing and running performance of the train on the loads are analyzed. The dynamic characteristics of the loads are presented with the operation condition of the train such as start, acceleration, idling running and brake. Rain Flow Count Method are introduced to implement the loads count. The load distributions are presented with different operation speed of the train. Equivalent loads of the two type of forces are calculated with the load spectra. The results show that, the operation speed has effect on the loads of traction sets and brake devices. The effect of the curve radius of the track on the two type of forces is negligible. The vibrations of the brake devices lead to high frequent forces. The structural damage of the traction set is mainly caused by the traction forces and the vibrations have little contribution on its structural damage. The structural damage of the brake devices is caused by the vibrations and the brake loads. It is helpful of the investigation to design the structure of traction sets and brake devices and to study the structural damages of the high speed EMU.

Key words: high speed EMU, traction load, brake load, field measurement, load characteristics analysis, damage

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