• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (12): 153-160.doi: 10.3901/JME.2021.12.153

• 仪器科学与仪器 • 上一篇    下一篇

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动车组轴箱轴承状态的声发射检测机理研究

李德发, 齐红元, 侯东明, 孔凡爽, 洪淼, 韩得福   

  1. 北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院 北京 100044
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-04 修回日期:2021-03-06 出版日期:2021-08-31 发布日期:2021-08-31
  • 通讯作者: 齐红元(通信作者),男,1964年出生,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师。主要从事机车车辆的科研与教学工作。E-mail:hyqi@bjtu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李德发,男,1996年出生。主要从事状态监测与智能运维工作。E-mail:18121279@bjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司资助项目(M19L01500)

Research on Acoustic Emission Detection Mechanism of Axle BoxBearing State of EMU

LI Defa, QI Hongyuan, HOU Dongming, KONG Fanshuang, HONG Miao, HAN Defu   

  1. School of Mechanical Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044
  • Received:2020-11-04 Revised:2021-03-06 Online:2021-08-31 Published:2021-08-31

摘要: 声发射技术因具有高频、高灵敏度的感知能力,可应用于动车组轴箱轴承的状态监测和故障诊断,但目前尚缺乏轴承状态与声发射信号之间的机理性研究。以动车组轴箱轴承为研究对象,应用赫兹接触理论,基于微凸体随机分布假设,建立了轴承粗糙表面的接触模型;采用弹性力学理论,进行了轴承受载条件下的微凸体弹性变形分析;结合弹流理论,进而建立了润滑条件下滚动体与内、外圈之间的粗糙接触表面变形能量方程;分析轴承接触状态声发射信号的弹性波表征特点,获取轴承变形能与声发射感知的RMS之间的变化关系,从而完成了轴承的声发射检测机理研究。以典型双列圆锥滚子轴承的外圈故障为研究实例,通过理论分析和试验结果之间的比对,验证了机理分析的正确性,为声发射感知在轴承状态检测的应用提供了理论支持。

关键词: 轴箱轴承, 声发射, 粗糙表面, 检测机理

Abstract: Acoustic emission(AE) technology can be used for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of axle box bearings of electric multiple units(EMU) because of its high-frequency and high-sensitivity sensing capabilities. However, there is still a lack of mechanism research between bearing status and acoustic emission signals. In this paper, a contact model for the rough surface of the bearing was developed by applying Hertz contact theory based on the assumption of a random distribution of asperities, with the axle box bearings of EMU as the object of study; the elasticity theory is used to carry out the elastic deformation analysis of the bearing interference asperity under load; combined with the elastohydrodynamic theory, and the rough contact surface deformation energy equation between the rolling element and the inner and outer rings was established under lubrication conditions; the relationship between the deformation energy of bearing and the root mean square is obtained by analyzing the elastic wave characteristics of AE signal in contact state of bearing, which is the mechanism of AE detection. Taking the outer ring failure of a typical double-row tapered roller bearing as a research example, the comparison between theoretical analysis and experimental results verifies the correctness of the mechanism analysis and provides theoretical support for the application of acoustic emission sensing in bearing state detection.

Key words: axle box bearing, acoustic emission, rough surface, detection mechanism

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