大型混流式模型机组动应力及压力脉动测试研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2019.19.009

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (19): 9-18.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.19.009

• 特邀专栏：高端透平机械动力学 • 上一篇

大型混流式模型机组动应力及压力脉动测试研究

刘德民^1,2, 邓祥平¹, 赵永智¹, 段昌德¹, 严肃¹

1. 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司德阳 618000;
2. 流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室(西华大学) 成都 610039

收稿日期:2018-10-26 修回日期:2019-05-11 发布日期:2020-01-07
作者简介:刘德民,男,1982年出生,博士。现为东方电机研究试验中心水力开发高级工程师,美国ASME学会会员,国际IAHR协会会员。主要从事水轮机水力开发工作。E-mail:liudemin999@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51279172）和德阳市科技支撑计划（2018CKJ002）资助项目。

Dynamic Stress and Pressure Fluctuation Test on Model Unit of Huge Francis Turbine

LIU Demin^1,2, DENG Xiangping¹, ZHAO Yongzhi¹, DUAN Changde¹, YAN Su¹

1. Research&Testing Center of Dongfang Electric Machinery Co., Ltd, Deyang 618000;
2. Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery, Ministry of Education, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039

Received:2018-10-26 Revised:2019-05-11 Published:2020-01-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 最近几年在若干水力工程中，由于设计及机组运行调度的不合理，一些电站的机组，尤其是转轮叶片出现了局部裂纹问题，这引起了业界的高度关注。为此，东方电机在模型机组和真机上开展了叶片表面的动应力及表面压力脉动的测试。呈现模型机组测试的结果，通过这种测试发现最大的压力脉动幅值出现在转轮进口边区域，叶片表面上的压力脉动幅值明显大于转轮与活动导叶动静干涉所在的无叶区诱发的压力脉动幅值以及尾水涡所在的尾水管区域诱发的压力脉动幅值。叶片表面的压力脉动对应的主频和动应力对应的主频一致，主要为叶片数通过频率。动应力表现为类转频、尾水涡频率和动静干涉频率的叠加。

关键词: 混流式水轮机, 压力脉动, 动应力

Abstract: In recent years, due to the unreasonable design and operation on several hydraulic projects, some hydraulic power station unites operate not well, especially the rotor blades have suffered from local cracks. This has caused high concern in the hydraulic electric industry. For understanding the crack reason, the dynamic stress and surface pressure fluctuation of the blade surface are tested by Dongfang electric machinery company in model unit and protype machine. The results of model tests are presented The largest pressure pulsation amplitude is taken place at the trailing edge of the runner blade and of the pressure pulsation amplitude on the blade surface significantly greater than pressure pulsation caused by guide vane and runner rotor and stator interference and draft vortex in draft tube, respectively. The frequency of pressure fluctuation is same with the frequency of dynamic stress and the frequency is consist rotating frequency, draft tube vortex frequency and rotor and stator frequency.

Key words: francis turbine, pressure fluctuation, dynamic stress

中图分类号:

TG156

刘德民, 邓祥平, 赵永智, 段昌德, 严肃. 大型混流式模型机组动应力及压力脉动测试研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(19): 9-18.

LIU Demin, DENG Xiangping, ZHAO Yongzhi, DUAN Changde, YAN Su. Dynamic Stress and Pressure Fluctuation Test on Model Unit of Huge Francis Turbine[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 55(19): 9-18.

参考文献

[1] 黄源芳,刘光宁,樊世英. 原型水轮机运行研究[M]. 北京:中国电力出版社,2010. HUANG Yuanfang,LIU Guangning,FAN Shiying. Research on the operation of prototype water turbine[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2010.
[2] FLORES E,BORNARD L,TOMAS L,et al. Design of large Francis turbine using optimal methods[C]//IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science,2012:1.
[3] GUILLAUME R,DENIAU J L,SCOLARO D,et al. Influence of the rotor-stator interaction on the dynamic stresses of Francis runners[C]//IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science,2012:1.
[4] PEI Ji,YUAN Shouqi,YUAN Jianping. Dynamic stress analysis of sewage centrifugal pump impeller based on two-way coupling method[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,27(2):369-375.
[5] WANG F,LIAO C,TANG X. Numerical simulation of pressure fluctuations in a large Francis turbine runner[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,25(6):1198-1204.
[6] TRIVEDI C,GOGSTAD P J,DAHLHAUG O G. Investigation of the unsteady pressure pulsations in the prototype Francis turbines-Part 1:Steady state operating conditions[J]. Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing,2018,108(8):188-202.
[7] MENG L,ZHANG S P,ZHOU L J,et al. Study on the pressure pulsation inside runner with splitter blades in ultra-high head turbine[C]//IOP Conf. Series:Earth and Environmental Science,2014:032012.
[8] ANTONSEN Ø. Unsteady flow in wicket gate and runner with focus on static and dynamic load on runner[D]. Trondheim:Norwegian University of Science and Technology,2007.
[9] SIWANI Y D. Dynamic stress assessment in high head Francis runners[D]. Engineering Physics Luleå University of Technology,2008.
[10] LIU Demin,LIU Xiaobing. Vibration analysis of turbine based on fluid-structure coupling[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2008,21(4):40-43.
[11] LIU Demin,LIU Xiaobing,ZHAO Yongzhi. Experimental investigation of inter-blade vortices in a model Francis turbine[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,30(4):854-861.

[1]	李仁年, 李瑾, 权辉, 葸鹏, 傅百恒. 叶栅内压力脉动特性及其对流致噪声的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(8): 225-232.
[2]	龙新平, 王炯, 左丹, 章君强, 季斌. 文丘里管不同空化阶段空化不稳定特性的试验研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(2): 209-215.
[3]	陈道云, 孙守光, 李强. 一种新的高速列车动应力谱分布估计方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(8): 109-114.
[4]	李文华,马思宁,沈培根,王楠. 振动条件下铁路继电器寿命预测研究[J]. 电气工程学报, 2017, 12(7): 8-15.
[5]	林浩, 耿海鹏, 周西锋. 重型燃气轮机叶片离心载荷下应力特性的研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(22): 212-218.
[6]	张清东, 曾杰伟, 罗晓明, 张晓峰, 陈兵. 高强度钢板残余应力振动时效消减技术试验研究^*[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(1): 86-92.
[7]	张丽, 任尊松, 孙守光, 杨光. 考虑齿轮传动影响的高速动车组电机吊架载荷及动应力研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(4): 133-140.
[8]	闫政, 权龙, 黄家海. 变转速变排量双控轴向柱塞泵脉动特性及噪声研究^*[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(16): 176-184.
[9]	程效锐, 贾程莉, 杨从新, 兰小刚. 导叶周向布置位置对核主泵压力脉动的影响^*[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(16): 197-204.
[10]	王文静, 惠晓龙, 马纪军. 高速列车设备舱支架疲劳裂纹机理研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2015, 51(6): 142-147.
[11]	王文杰, 袁寿其, 裴吉, 张金凤, 袁建平. 时序效应对导叶式离心泵内部压力脉动影响的数值分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2015, 51(4): 185-192.
[12]	李登, 李晓红, 康勇, 王晓川, 龙新平, 巫世晶. 风琴管喷嘴内表面粗糙度对高压射流特性的影响试验研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2015, 51(17): 169-176.
[13]	高波;孙鑫恺;杨敏官;张宁. 离心泵内空化流动诱导非定常激励特性的研究[J]. , 2014, 50(16): 199-205.
[14]	黄先北;刘竹青. 无导叶离心泵蜗壳内低频压力脉动分析[J]. , 2014, 50(10): 170-176.
[15]	王玉川;谭磊;曹树良;祝宝山. 离心泵叶轮区瞬态流动及压力脉动特性[J]. , 2014, 50(10): 163-169.

大型混流式模型机组动应力及压力脉动测试研究

Dynamic Stress and Pressure Fluctuation Test on Model Unit of Huge Francis Turbine

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价