喷嘴出口结构参数对风琴管射流空化作用的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2019.18.150

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (18): 150-156.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.18.150

• 可再生能源与工程热物理 • 上一篇

喷嘴出口结构参数对风琴管射流空化作用的影响

蔡腾飞, 潘岩, 马飞, 邱林宾, 徐平平

北京科技大学机械工程学院北京 100083

收稿日期:2018-06-05 修回日期:2018-12-14 发布日期:2020-01-07
通讯作者: 马飞(通信作者),1968年出生,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为振动噪声分析与控制、自振射流技术及应用。E-mail:yeke@ustb.edu.cn
作者简介:蔡腾飞,男,1992年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为自激振荡射流技术与应用。E-mail:caitengfei92@163.com;潘岩,女,1993年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为自激振荡射流理论与应用。E-mail:18810636420@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51774019）和国家“十二五”（DY125-14-T-03）资助项目。

Effects of Outlet Geometry of Organ-pipe Nozzle on Cavitation Due to Impingement of the Waterjet

CAI Tengfei, PAN Yan, MA Fei, QIU Linbin, XU Pingping

School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083

Received:2018-06-05 Revised:2018-12-14 Published:2020-01-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 风琴管射流的空化作用虽由其振荡特性诱发，但受制于其出口结构，出口结构对空化作用的影响一直被忽视。首先从射流空化作用机理出发，分析风琴管喷嘴出口边界层流动特性，揭示喷嘴出口结构与空化作用的内在联系。基于水声学原理，采用噪声信号分析法研究了相同空化数下出口结构参数对风琴管射流空化作用的影响，探究不同空化数下出口结构参数对射流空化作用的影响规律。试验结果表明，流道长度L₁、扩口长度L₂及扩口角度θ等喷嘴出口结构参数对射流空化作用效果均产生显著影响，L₁仅对射流空化作用产生直接影响，L₂仅对射流空化作用产生间接影响，而θ对射流空化作用产生双重影响；L₁、L₂及θ对射流空化作用的影响具有明显的规律性，均存在合理的取值范围，在该范围内射流空化作用效果较佳。风琴管射流的高频振荡特性只是自振射流发生空化作用的前提条件，而喷嘴的出口结构在一定程度上决定着自振射流的实际空化作用效果。

关键词: 喷嘴, 出口结构, 风琴管射流, 空化作用, 空化噪声

Abstract: Although cavitation of the organ-pipe waterjet is induced by its oscillation, it depends on the outlet geometry of organ-pipe nozzle, which has been neglected. Based on the cavitation mechanism of the organ-pipe waterjet, the boundary layer flow characteristics through the nozzle outlet are analyzed, then the relationship between the nozzle outlet geometry and cavitatinggeneration is revealed. The effect of the nozzle outlet geometry on jet cavitation under the same cavitation number is investigated using the noise signal method, and its influence under different cavitation numbers is also explored. The experimental results show that the nozzle outlet parameters including the throat length L₁, flaring length L₂ and flaring angle θ have a significant impact on jet cavitation performance. L₁ influences the jet cavitation directly, L₂ can only influence the cavitation by the jet oscillation, while θ has a dual effect mentioned above. The effects of these parameters on jet cavitation have obvious trends, and there exist reasonable value ranges, within which the jet has a strong cavitation effect. High-frequency oscillation is just the precondition for the self-resonating waterjet to induce cavitation, while to some extent, the nozzle outlet geometry determines the actual cavitation performance of waterjet.

Key words: nozzle, outlet geometry, organ-pipe waterjet, cavitation, cavitation noise

中图分类号:

TG156

蔡腾飞, 潘岩, 马飞, 邱林宾, 徐平平. 喷嘴出口结构参数对风琴管射流空化作用的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(18): 150-156.

CAI Tengfei, PAN Yan, MA Fei, QIU Linbin, XU Pingping. Effects of Outlet Geometry of Organ-pipe Nozzle on Cavitation Due to Impingement of the Waterjet[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 55(18): 150-156.

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喷嘴出口结构参数对风琴管射流空化作用的影响

Effects of Outlet Geometry of Organ-pipe Nozzle on Cavitation Due to Impingement of the Waterjet

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