• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (18): 78-85.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.18.078

• 运载工程 • 上一篇    

高速铁路腔室耗能型风屏障气动冲击力的动模型试验研究

毛军1, 柳润东1, 郗艳红1, 郭迪龙2, 赵萌3   

  1. 1. 北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院 北京 100044;
    2. 中国科学院力学研究所 北京 100190;
    3. 内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院 呼和浩特 010051
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-16 修回日期:2019-03-06 发布日期:2020-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 柳润东(通信作者),男,1990年出生,博士。主要从事高速列车空气动力学研究。E-mail:14115264@bjtu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:毛军,男,1966年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要从事高速列车空气动力学和火灾科学研究。E-mail:jmao@bjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0802206)、国家自然科学基金(51278032)和中央高校基本业务费(2017JBM095)资助项目。

Moving Train Model Experiment Study on the High Speed Railway Chamber Windbreak

MAO Jun1, LIU Rundong1, XI Yanhong1, GUO Dilong2, ZHAO Meng3   

  1. 1. The Civil Institute, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044;
    2. Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190;
    3. College of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Huhhot 010051
  • Received:2018-09-16 Revised:2019-03-06 Published:2020-01-07

摘要: 高速铁路沿线的防风屏障因经常受到列车风和横风的气动冲击作用,其自身结构稳定性十分重要。利用高速列车动模型平台进行列车运动对腔室耗能型风屏障产生气动冲击的1:8缩尺模型试验。测试了不同车型的列车以不同车速通过风屏障区域时,在风障不同位置处产生的气动压力,并分析气动压力的变化规律。研究结果表明:高速列车通过风障区域时,对风障各部分均形成了"正-负-负-正"的脉动压力;随着列车车速的增加,气动冲击压力幅值增大,头车波和尾车波换向时间减小,压力变化率增大;压力极值及变化率与车速的二次方相关,不同车速下的压力系数几乎相等;风障不同高度处压力波的变化趋势相同,但幅值不同,在列车鼻锥高度区域出现最大值;不同车型的列车在相同车速下对风障气动冲击作用趋势相同,但幅值不同,钝体头型列车的气动压力大于子弹头型列车的;随着风障距轨道中心线距离增大,列车脉动压力逐渐减小,其中头车波峰减小最为明显,与安装间距近似成线性关系。

关键词: 高速列车, 动模型试验, 风屏障, 脉动压力

Abstract: Installing windbreak along high-speed railway is an effective measure to enhance the safety of high speed train under cross-wind. The experiments were carried out on the high speed train dynamic model platform of the Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences. The moving high speed train model with a scale ratio of 1:8 through the windbreak region with high speed. The different positions' fluctuating pressure of the windbreak caused by different train types and different train speeds were tested. The results show that:when the high-speed train passes through the windbreak region, it forms a positive-negative-negative-positive fluctuating pressure on the windbreak. The trend of the pressure wave at different height of the windbreak is similar, but the amplitude is different. The pressure coefficients at different speeds are almost equal. The maximum pressure value occurs at the train nose height. With the increase of train speed, the amplitude of the fluctuating pressure increases, the reversing time reduces, and the pressure gradient increases. With the different type of the train, the trend of pressure is similar, but the amplitude is different. The aerodynamic pressure of the blunt body head is larger than that of the bullet head. With the distance between the windbreak and the center line increasing, the pressure decreases gradually. The head crest reduces most obviously, and it's linear with distance.

Key words: high speed train, moving model, windbreak, fluctuating pressure

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