• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (14): 104-111.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.14.104

• 运载工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于有限元摩擦功计算的钢轨磨耗预测方法

张军, 刘佳欢, 王雪萍, 马贺   

  1. 北京建筑大学城市轨道交通车辆服役性能保障北京市重点实验室 北京 100044
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-01 修回日期:2018-12-17 出版日期:2019-07-20 发布日期:2019-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 张军(通信作者),男,1972年出生,教授,博士。主要研究方向为轮轨关系。E-mail:zhangjun611@bucea.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775031)。

Wheel-rail Friction Work Calculation Method and Rail Wear Prediction Based on Finite Element Method

ZHANG Jun, LIU Jiahuan, WANG Xueping, MA He   

  1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Rail Transport Vehicle Service Performance, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044
  • Received:2018-04-01 Revised:2018-12-17 Online:2019-07-20 Published:2019-07-20

摘要: 轮轨磨耗问题影响列车运行的平稳及安全。为研究钢轨磨耗规律,基于轮轨接触的有限元计算模型,分析不同牵引或制动力及横移量等对轮轨接触的影响规律,提出有限元摩擦功计算方法,对地铁钢轨进行磨耗量及磨耗后型面预测,并探究车轮的通过次数对钢轨磨耗的影响。研究结果表明,根据功的物理意义,接触斑节点的摩擦功与摩擦力及相对位移直接相关;牵引或制动力及不同横移量作用下,轮轨接触斑的摩擦功均呈中部小、后部及两侧大的分布规律,这与接触斑上黏着区与蠕滑区的分布规律对应;在接触区间内,钢轨的累积磨耗量沿横向呈中间高两侧低的分布规律,磨耗深度随车轮通过次数的增加近似呈正比增加;运用摩擦功计算方法预测的钢轨磨耗量与实测结果基本相符,与标准型面数据的预测结果相比,采用磨耗后型面的有限元计算结果预测的钢轨累积磨耗量,与实测型面更加接近。

关键词: 轮轨接触, 摩擦功, 磨耗预测, 有限元法

Abstract: Wheel/rail wear problems would affect the stability and safety of a train. In order to study the wear pattern of the subway rail, a frictional work calculation method based on wheel-rail contact calculation, using finite element method (FEM), is proposed. The effects of different traction or braking force and lateral displacement on the wheel-rail contact area are analyzed to predict the wear amount and the worn profiles of the rail, and to study how the passing times of wheels effect on rail's wear. As the research results showed, the frictional work is directly related to the frictional forces and relative displacements of the contact point, which accords with the physical meaning of the work. Also, using the frictional work calculation method to predict the wear amount is basically consistent with the measured results. Under the conditions of traction or braking forces and different lateral displacements, the distribution law of the frictional work is small in the middle, large at the back and both sides, and it corresponds to the distribution law of the adhesion zone and the creep zone on the contact spot. In the contact area, the law of accumulative wear amount along the lateral direction is high in the middle and low on both sides, and the wear depth increases approximately in proportion to the passing times. Using the calculation results by FEM to predict the rail wear, the simulation results basically fit those measured datas. Furthermore, comparing with the standard model, the prediction results of the worn model are closer to the measured ones.

Key words: FEM, frictional work, wear prediction, wheel-rail contact

中图分类号: