正面光聚合实现平面到曲面的可编程形状变形

doi:10.3901/JME.2019.13.175

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (13): 175-184,194.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.13.175

正面光聚合实现平面到曲面的可编程形状变形

王金强¹, 程筱胜¹, 戴宁¹, 李大伟¹, 周鑫¹, 唐云龙²

1. 南京航空航天大学机电学院南京 210016;
2. 麦吉尔大学机械工程系蒙特利尔 H3A0G4 加拿大

收稿日期:2018-10-26 修回日期:2019-02-01 出版日期:2019-07-05 发布日期:2019-07-05
通讯作者: 戴宁(通信作者),男,1978年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为增材设计制造技术、生物医学工程、逆向工程技术。E-mail:dai_ning@nuaa.edu.cn
作者简介:王金强,男,1992年出生。主要研究方向为数字化设计制造,自组装结构设计。E-mail:wangjq@nuaa.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51775273）、江苏省自然科学基金（BK20161487）、江苏省六大人才（GDZB-034）、江苏省重点研发计划（BE2018010-2，BE2016763）和南京航空航天大学研究生创新基金（kfjj20170523）资助项目。

Programmable Shape-shifting from Planar Sheets to Curved Geometries via Front Photopolymerization Approach

WANG Jinqiang¹, CHENG Xiaosheng¹, DAI Ning¹, LI Dawei¹, ZHOU Xin¹, TANG Yunlong²

1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016;
2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A0G4 Canada

Received:2018-10-26 Revised:2019-02-01 Online:2019-07-05 Published:2019-07-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由平面薄片直接变形获得3D形状已经成为一种极具前景的设计方法，其为生物技术、驱动器、传感器和工程中复杂超材料的制造提供了新的手段。目前各类研究平面变形生成三维结构的方法中仍存在诸如加工材料昂贵、工艺控制繁琐和难以独立操作的限制。考虑到正面光聚合过程中光敏树脂的聚合特性，展示一种利用光固化过程中不匹配应力驱动平面到曲面形状变形的设计方法。基于不同光编码模式对聚合物聚合程度的影响及沿光固化厚度方向收缩应力梯度的分布特点，提出复合梁理论并推导准一维梁结构的屈曲变形方程，获得弯曲曲率与曝光剂量间的对应关系，在此基础上，针对准二维平面结构变形具有分叉点和难以控制的难题，建立弹性势能函数计算弯曲平面的能量密度，结合有限元计算分析其变形的几何形态和应力分布规律。最后的物理试验测试结果和花瓣，爪子，二十面体，金字塔等自折叠结构的制造实例验证了方法的有效性。

关键词: 屈曲变形, 形状变形, 正面光聚合, 自折叠

Abstract: Transforming planar sheets into desired 3D configurations has emerged as a promising design methodology, which provides new means for the fabrication of the biotechnology, actuators, sensors, and engineering of complex metamaterials. Among various approaches to producing planar-to-3D structures, there are still limitations such as high cost, tedious procedures and non-free-standing operation. Considering the polymerization characteristics of photocurable resin in front photopolymerization process, a design method for transforming planar sheets to 3D configurations using mismatch stress is presented. Based on the influence of discrepant photo patterns on the polymerization degree and the distribution of shrinkage stress gradient along the curing thickness, the composite beam theory is proposed theoretically. Thus, the buckling deformation equations of the quasi-one-dimensional beam are derived to obtain the relation between the bending curvature and the exposure dose. On the basis of this, for the bifurcation and rebelliousness in the quasi-two-dimensional plane structure, the elastic potential energy function is established to calculate the energy density of the bending plane, which combines with finite element calculation to reveal the deformation geometry and stress distribution law. The final mechanical experiments as well as the shape transformation examples of petal, claw, icosahedron, and pyramid verify the feasibility of our approach.

Key words: buckling deformation, front photopolymerization, self-folding, shape-shifting

中图分类号:

TB124

王金强, 程筱胜, 戴宁, 李大伟, 周鑫, 唐云龙. 正面光聚合实现平面到曲面的可编程形状变形[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(13): 175-184,194.

WANG Jinqiang, CHENG Xiaosheng, DAI Ning, LI Dawei, ZHOU Xin, TANG Yunlong. Programmable Shape-shifting from Planar Sheets to Curved Geometries via Front Photopolymerization Approach[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 55(13): 175-184,194.

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正面光聚合实现平面到曲面的可编程形状变形

Programmable Shape-shifting from Planar Sheets to Curved Geometries via Front Photopolymerization Approach

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