• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (6): 122-128.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.06.122

• 运载工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

地铁车辆轴箱吊耳断裂机理和试验研究

石怀龙, 王建斌, 戴焕云, 邬平波   

  1. 西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室 成都 610031
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-22 修回日期:2018-12-10 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 邬平波(通信作者),男,1968年出生,博士,研究员,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为机车车辆系统动力学与强度。E-mail:wupingbo@163.com
  • 作者简介:石怀龙,男,1986年出生,博士,助理研究员。主要研究方向为机车车辆系统动力学。E-mail:shi@swjtu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2015BAG13B01-03)。

Crack Mechanism and Field Test of the Metro Safety Hanger

SHI Huailong, WANG Jianbin, DAI Huanyun, WU Pingbo   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031
  • Received:2018-03-22 Revised:2018-12-10 Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-03-20

摘要: 地铁车辆在正常运营过程中发生轴箱吊耳断裂问题,采用有限元分析方法和线路试验开展断裂机理研究,并对吊耳振动水平进行评估。通过分析振动激扰源和结构响应特性,确定断裂原因和提出解决方案并进行试验验证。仿真表明吊耳第一阶固有模态为横向弯曲,主频约260 Hz;吊耳根部内圆弧处为强度薄弱点,与现场裂纹位置吻合。试验表明轴箱体、吊耳振动水平与线路区间相关,钢轨波磨是导致车辆振动水平激增的主因,波长61.5 mm;钢轨波磨波长、车辆常用速度共同作用导致波磨频率在吊耳固有模态频带内,导致结构共振从而引发疲劳破坏,提出钢轨打磨、优化吊耳结构设计和使用管理条件等解决措施。开展钢轨打磨效果验证性试验,表明钢轨打磨可显著降低吊耳加速度水平,使结构应力降低50%以上,但部分线路仍存在轻微波磨,可根据车辆振动数据特征对波磨路段进行定位从而再次进行打磨。

关键词: 地铁车辆, 钢轨波磨, 结构断裂, 线路试验, 有限元分析

Abstract: There is crack found on the safety hanger mounted on the axle-box of railway metro. The finite element(FE) Analysis and field measurement were performed to study the crack mechanism, then the vibration level of the hanger is thoroughly evaluated. The excitation and natural response of the structure are analyzed, and solutions are provided and validated by the field measurement. The FE analysis shows that the lateral bending mode has the lowest frequency around 260 Hz, and a weak area on the inner corner of the hanger bottom can be noticed. This shows a good agreement with the field crack propagation on the hanger. Field measurement illustrates that the vibration level of the axle-box and safety hanger are strongly dependent on the track segments. It is noticed that it is the rail corrugation with a wavelength of 61.5 mm that causes the serious vibration of vehicle. A resonance can be noticed by considering the natural mode of safety hanger and the track excitation frequency, which is dependent on the vehicle speed and corrugation wavelength. A fatigue problem can be encountered resulting from this resonance. Consequently, solutions for this structure failure issue are provided, such as the rail grinding, design a new safety hanger or specify the service conditions of this kind structure. Additionally, validation tests are conducted for the rail grinding solution which depicts that the rail grinding can significantly reduce the vibration level of vehicle, and the safety hanger stress reduces more than 50%. However, there still exist corrugations on some track segments. The vehicle dynamic responses can be used to identify the corrugation level and location on track for further track maintenance.

Key words: field measurement, finite element analysis, rail corrugation, railway metro, structure fracture

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