• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (20): 235-244.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.20.235

• 控制元件与系统 • 上一篇    下一篇

磁控形状记忆合金驱动特性及其在液压阀驱动器中的应用分析

施虎1,2, 何彬1,2, 汪政1,2, 梅雪松1,2   

  1. 1. 西安交通大学机械工程学院 西安 710049;
    2. 西安交通大学陕西省智能机器人重点实验室 西安 710049
  • 收稿日期:2017-07-17 修回日期:2017-12-25 出版日期:2018-10-20 发布日期:2018-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 施虎(通信作者),男,1983年出生,博士,副教授。主要研究方向为机电液传动与控制。E-mail:tigershi@xjtu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:何彬,男,1993年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为液压阀驱动器设计与控制。E-mail:hebin@stu.xjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51675400)和陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2018JM5016)资助项目。

Magneto-mechanical Behavior of Magnetic Shape Memory Alloy and Its Application in Hydraulic Valve Actuator

SHI Hu1,2, HE Bin1,2, WANG Zheng1,2, MEI Xuesong1,2   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049;
    2. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049
  • Received:2017-07-17 Revised:2017-12-25 Online:2018-10-20 Published:2018-10-20

摘要: 磁控形状记忆合金(Magnetic shape memory alloy,MSMA)是近年来新兴的一种智能材料,兼具传统智能材料如压电和超磁致伸缩材料响应快以及温控形状记忆合金应变大的特点,非常适合作为高性能驱动元件。在分析MSMA变形机理的基础上推导出材料的本构方程,引入温度作为材料变形影响因素修正了模型,并改进现有方程在材料预压力不为零时无法准确描述其变形的不足。试验测试了MSMA材料的变形特性,并基于试验数据建立神经网络模型以模拟变形过程中应力、应变等参数的非线性耦合关系。试验结果表明,该材料的体积能量密度可达70 kJ/m3,而能量转换效率高达80%。以高速开关阀为例研究了MSMA驱动高性能液压阀时的输出特性,完成了阀的结构设计、驱动器磁路和阀的流场仿真。阀芯驱动系统动态分析结果表明,MSMA直接驱动液压阀芯系统频率可达200 Hz以上,动态响应时间为5 ms。

关键词: 磁控形状记忆合金, 动态特性, 驱动器, 形状记忆效应, 液压阀

Abstract: Magnetic shape memory alloy(MSMA) has recently emerged as a new type of multifunctional material exhibiting excellent performance as fast response and large strain. With a combination of the characteristics of ordinary smart materials and conventional shape memory alloy, it is qualified for high performance actuator. Constitution equations are derived based on the magnet-strain effect of MSMA, and temperature is introduced as an influential factor to modify the model. The present equations are improved to cover the shortage of inaccuracy in calculating the strain when the material is preloaded. Experiments are conducted to explore the magnetic field induced strain, and data are applied to establish nero-network based models to build the nonlinear relations between strain, stress and other related parameters. It is shown in the results that the energy density of MSMA is 70 kJ/m3 and energy conversion efficiency is 80%. Taking high speed on/off valve as an example, the characteristics of MSMA hydraulic valve actuator are considered. Valve design, magnetic field and fluid flow simulations are carried out. On analysis of dynamics of valve actuation system, the results show that the response frequency of the poppet valve system driven directly by MSMA can reach as high as 200 Hz, and the dynamic response time is nearly 5 ms.

Key words: actuator, dynamic performance, hydraulic valve, magnetic shape memory alloy, shape memory effect

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