纵向稳态磁场对电弧增材成形零件表面质量和性能影响的研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.02.084

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (2): 84-92.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.02.084

• 特邀专栏:焊接过程测控与数值模拟 • 上一篇下一篇

纵向稳态磁场对电弧增材成形零件表面质量和性能影响的研究

周祥曼^1,2, 田启华^1,2, 杜义贤^1,2, 张海鸥³, 王桂兰⁴, 梅飞翔⁴

1. 水电机械设备设计与维护湖北省重点实验室(三峡大学) 宜昌 443002;
2. 三峡大学机械与动力学院宜昌 443002;
3. 华中科技大学数字制造装备与技术国家重点实验室武汉 430074;
4. 华中科技大学模具技术国家重点实验室武汉 430074

收稿日期:2017-04-25 修回日期:2017-08-18 出版日期:2018-01-20 发布日期:2018-01-20
通讯作者: 田启华(通信作者),男,1962年出生,博士,教授。主要从事机械设计及理论、CAD/CAE/CAM技术、制造业信息化方面的研究。E-mail:tqh@ctgu.edu.cn
作者简介:周祥曼,男,1983年出生,博士,讲师。主要从事电弧增材制造工艺与多尺度数值模拟的研究。E-mail:zhouxman@ctgu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51705287，51475265，51775308）、水电机械设备设计与维护湖北省重点实验室（三峡大学）开放基金（2017KJX05）和湖北省科技支撑计划（对外科技合作类）（2015BHE026）资助项目。

Study of the Influence of Longitudinal Static Magnetic Field on Surface Quality and Performances of Arc Welding Based Additive Forming Parts

ZHOU Xiangman^1,2, TIAN Qihua^1,2, DU Yixian^1,2, ZHANG Haiou³, WANG Guilan⁴, MEI Feixiang⁴

1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002;
2. College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002;
3. State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074;
4. State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074

Received:2017-04-25 Revised:2017-08-18 Online:2018-01-20 Published:2018-01-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 外加磁场作用是影响电弧增材成形过程与成形零件性能的有效方式之一。为了研究外加纵向稳态磁场对低碳钢电弧增材成形零件表面质量和力学性能的影响，搭建基于GMAW的纵向稳态磁场辅助电弧增材成形装置，采用形貌分析、金相观测、性能测试的方法对比分析有/无外加磁场作用下成形试样表面质量、微观组织及力学性能差异。结果表明：相比普通熔积，外加磁场作用下，单焊道宽高比增大，形成宽而平的焊道横截面形貌，从而有效地改善搭接精度并提高熔积层表面质量，电磁搅拌作用还能够细化晶粒，减少熔积缺陷以及多道搭接区域的晶粒分布的不均匀性。此外，外加磁场作用还改变了铁素体和珠光体的占比和分布形态。力学性能测试显示，磁场作用使得成形样件在熔积方向和搭接方向的力学性能有一定的提升，力学性能的各向异性减小。

关键词: 电弧增材成形, 力学性能, 微观组织, 纵向稳态磁场

Abstract: External magnetic field is one of the effective ways to influence arc welding based additive forming(AWAF) process and performances of forming parts. To study the influence of external longitudinal static magnetic on surface quality and mechanical performances of mild steel parts fabricated by AWAF process, an external longitudinal static magnetic assisted AWAF setup is developed, and morphology analysis, metallographic observation and performance testing are employed to compare and analyze the differences of surface quality, microstructure and mechanical performances of specimens fabricated by AWAF process with or without applying external longitudinal static magnetic. The results show that the external magnetic field can enlarge the aspect ratio of single weld bead and result in a wide and flat bead cross-sectional topography, which can effectively improve overlapping accuracy and surface quality of depositied layers. The electromagnetic stirring can refine grains, reduce defects and the inhomogeneity of the grain distribution in multi-beads overlapping region. Furthermore, the external magnetic field can change the proportion and distributed pattern of ferrite and pearlite. Mechanical performance tests show that the external magnetic field is capable of improving the mechanical performances in both deposition and overlapping direction, and reducing the anisotropy.

Key words: arc welding based additive forming, external longitudinal static magnetic field, mechanical performances, microstructure

中图分类号:

TG47

周祥曼, 田启华, 杜义贤, 张海鸥, 王桂兰, 梅飞翔. 纵向稳态磁场对电弧增材成形零件表面质量和性能影响的研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(2): 84-92.

ZHOU Xiangman, TIAN Qihua, DU Yixian, ZHANG Haiou, WANG Guilan, MEI Feixiang. Study of the Influence of Longitudinal Static Magnetic Field on Surface Quality and Performances of Arc Welding Based Additive Forming Parts[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(2): 84-92.

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纵向稳态磁场对电弧增材成形零件表面质量和性能影响的研究

Study of the Influence of Longitudinal Static Magnetic Field on Surface Quality and Performances of Arc Welding Based Additive Forming Parts

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