叶顶间隙对低比转速混流泵性能及内部流场影响的数值研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2017.22.182

机械工程学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (22): 182-189.doi: 10.3901/JME.2017.22.182

• 可再生能源与工程热物理 • 上一篇下一篇

叶顶间隙对低比转速混流泵性能及内部流场影响的数值研究

张文武¹, 余志毅¹, 祝宝山², 杨策¹

1. 北京理工大学机械与车辆学院北京 100081;
2. 清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室北京 100084

收稿日期:2016-10-27 修回日期:2017-08-15 出版日期:2017-11-20 发布日期:2017-11-20
通讯作者: 祝宝山(通信作者),男,1967年出生,副教授,博士研究生导师。主要从事流体机械流动理论及优化设计方法的研究。E-mail:bszhu@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
作者简介:张文武,男,1989年出生,博士研究生。主要从事流体机械流动理论及数值模拟方法的研究。E-mail:wwzhang@bit.edu.cn;余志毅,男,1976年出生,博士,副教授。主要从事流体机械流动理论及数值模拟方法的研究。E-mail:yuzhiyi@bit.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（51579006，51679122）。

Study of Tip Clearance Effects on Performances and Flow Field of a Low Specific Speed Mixed-flow Pump

ZHANG Wenwu¹, YU Zhiyi¹, ZHU Baoshan², YANG Ce¹

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081;
2. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084

Received:2016-10-27 Revised:2017-08-15 Online:2017-11-20 Published:2017-11-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解叶顶间隙对低比转速混流泵性能及内部流场的影响，选取无叶顶间隙和叶顶间隙δ分别为0.25 mm、0.75 mm和1 mm共四种方案，基于ANSYS-CFX对一比转速为149的混流泵进行了全流道数值模拟。计算域采用ICEM-CFD和TurboGrid进行结构化网格划分。利用Tecplot对计算结果进行处理，得到叶顶间隙对外特性参数、轮缘泄漏、流道中心S2流面流场等的影响。结果显示，叶顶间隙对大流量工况（1.25Q_d和1.5Q_d）下性能参数的影响大于小流量工况（0.5Q_d和0.75Q_d），且效率减小量与叶顶间隙变化量的比值（Δη/Δδ）和相对流量m之间近似呈二次抛物线关系；当间隙为0.75 mm时，随着流量的增加，在叶轮流道进口附近形成的旋涡逐渐向出口方向移动，且旋涡强度及其对主流的影响范围均增大；当间隙进一步增大到1 mm时，泄漏流和主流之间发生了更为严重的卷吸效应。

关键词: 低比转速, 混流泵, 卷吸效应, 泄漏涡, 叶顶间隙

Abstract: To explore the tip clearance effects on performance and flow field of the low specific speed mixed-flow pump, tip clearance δ of 0.25 mm, 0.75 mm and 1 mm, along with no tip clearance, are selected. The steady flow was simulated with ANSYS-CFX for the whole flow passage of a mixed-flow pump with a specific speed of 149. The structured mesh of the computation domain is generated with ICEM-CFD and TurboGrid, post-processing is done with Tecplot software. The results show that the effects of tip clearance on performance parameters in large flow rate conditions (1.25Q_d, 1.5Q_d) are greater than that in small flow rate conditions (0.5Q_d, 0.75Q_d), and an approximate parabolic relationship is obtained between the ratio of efficiency reduction to tip clearance variation(Δη/Δδ) and the relative discharge m; When the tip clearance value is 0.75 mm, as the discharge increases, the vortex forms near the impeller passage inlet and gradually moves toward the impeller outlet. Meanwhile, the vortex intensity and its influence range on the mainstream are increased. More serious entrainment effect is happened between the leakage flow and the mainstream when the tip clearance increases to 1 mm.

Key words: entrainment effect, leakage vortex, low specific speed, mixed-flow pump, tip clearance

中图分类号:

TH313

张文武, 余志毅, 祝宝山, 杨策. 叶顶间隙对低比转速混流泵性能及内部流场影响的数值研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(22): 182-189.

ZHANG Wenwu, YU Zhiyi, ZHU Baoshan, YANG Ce. Study of Tip Clearance Effects on Performances and Flow Field of a Low Specific Speed Mixed-flow Pump[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 53(22): 182-189.

参考文献

[1] 李伟,季磊磊,施卫东,等. 混流泵起动过程转子轴心轨迹的试验研究[J]. 机械工程学报,2016, 52(22):168-177. LI Wei, JI Leilei, SHI Weidong, et al. Experimental study on orbit of shaft centerline of mixed-flow pump during starting period[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(22):168-177.
[2] BING Hao, CAO Shuliang, TAN lei, et al. Effects of meridional flow passage shape on hydraulic performance of mixed-flow pump impellers[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 26(3):469-475.
[3] BING Hao, CAO Shuliang. Experimental study of the influence of flow passage subtle variation on mixed-flow pump performance[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 27(3):615-621.
[4] 黎义斌,胡鹏林,李仁年,等. 不同叶顶间隙对斜流泵性能影响的数值分析[J]. 农业工程学报,2014, 30(23):86-93. LI Yibin, HU Penglin, LI Rennian, et al. Numerical analysis for effects of different blade tip clearance on performance in mixed-flow pump[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2014, 30(23):86-93.
[5] 黎耀军,沈金峰,严海军,等. 叶顶间隙对轴流泵轮缘泄漏流动影响的大涡模拟[J]. 水利学报,2014, 45(2):235-242. LI Yaojun, SHEN Jinfeng, YAN Haijun, et al. Investigation of the effects of tip-gap size on the tip-leakage flow in an axial-flow pump using LES[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2014, 45(2):235-242.
[6] MIORINI R L, WU Huixuan, KATZ J. The internal structure of the tip leakage vortex within the rotor of an axial water-jet pump[J]. Journal of Turbo-machinery Transactions of the ASME, 2012, 134(3):222-225.
[7] 张德胜,王海宇,施卫东,等. 不同空化数下轴流泵叶顶间隙区空化特性[J]. 农业机械学报,45(2):115-120. ZHANG Desheng, WANG Haiyu, SHI Weidong, et al. Tip clearance cavitation characteristics in axial flow pump under different cavitation numbers[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2014, 45(2):115-120.
[8] TAHSIN E, MESUT G, REINHARD S, et al. Effects of tip clearance and impeller geometry on the performance of semi-open ceramic centrifugal fan impellers at elevated temperatures[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2006, 30(6):565-577.
[9] ANTAKI J F, DIAO C G, SHU F J, et al. Microhaemodynamics within the blade tip clearance of a centrifugal turbodynamic blood pump[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 2008, 222(4):573-581.
[10] DONG J K, MIN Y U, JIN Y K, et al. A study of tip clearance effect for a mixed-flow pump on performance[C]//ASME 2013 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. 2013:V01BT10A022.
[11] BING Hao, CAO Shuliang, HE Chenglian, et al. Experimental study of the effect of blade tip clearance and blade angle error on the performance of mixed-flow pump[J]. Technological Sciences, 2013, 56(2):293-298.
[12] LI Xiaojun, YUAN Shouqi, PAN Zhongyong, et al. Dynamic characteristics of rotating stall in mixed flow pump[J]. Journal of Applied Mathematics, 2013, 10(1):4819-4828.
[13] GOTO A. Effect of leakage flow on part-load performance of a mixed flow pump impeller[J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 1992, 114(2):383-391.
[14] 张克危. 流体机械原理[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,2000. ZHANG Kewei. Theory of fluid machinery[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press, 2000.
[15] WU Denghao, YUAN Shouqi, REN Yun, et al. CFD investigation of the influence of volute geometrical variations on hydrodynamic characteristics of circulator pump[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 29(2):315-324.
[16] 张德胜,吴苏青,施卫东,等. 不同湍流模型在轴流泵叶顶泄漏涡模拟中的应用与验证[J]. 农业工程学报,2013,29(13):46-53. ZHANG Desheng, WU Suqing, SHI Weidong, et al. Application and experiment of different turbulence models for simulating tip leakage vortex in axial flow pump[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2013, 29(13):46-53.

叶顶间隙对低比转速混流泵性能及内部流场影响的数值研究

Study of Tip Clearance Effects on Performances and Flow Field of a Low Specific Speed Mixed-flow Pump

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 13

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	李伟, 季磊磊, 施卫东, 李维强, 周岭, 蒋小平. 混流泵起动过程转子轴心轨迹的试验研究^*[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(22): 168-177.
[2]	李继超;林峰;刘乐;童志庭;聂超群. 跨音轴流压气机自循环喷气扩稳试验研究[J]. , 2014, 50(8): 135-143.
[3]	张德胜;施卫东;潘大志;曹卫东;李通通. 基于数值模拟的特种混流泵水力性能优化与试验[J]. , 2014, 50(6): 177-184.
[4]	曹丽华;张冬雪;胡鹏飞;李勇. 汽轮机动叶栅顶部泄漏流的数值分析[J]. , 2014, 50(4): 172-177.
[5]	李继超;林峰;童志庭;刘乐;聂超群. 轴流压气机叶顶喷气扩稳机理试验研究[J]. , 2014, 50(22): 171-177.
[6]	杨琼方;王永生;张志宏;丁江明. 叶片数对喷水推进器性能影响的计算流体动力学分析[J]. , 2009, 45(6): 222-228.
[7]	刘承江;王永生. 混流式喷水推进器空化性能数值分析[J]. , 2009, 45(12): 76-83.
[8]	吴大转;王乐勤;包志仁. 开敞式混流泵内流的数值模拟与出水机构选择[J]. , 2008, 44(8): 90-96.
[9]	崔宝玲;朱祖超;林勇刚;陈鹰. 不同形式高速离心叶轮内部流动的数值模拟[J]. , 2007, 43(5): 19-23.
[10]	杨军虎;张人会;王春龙;刘宜;齐学义. 计算离心泵面积比和蜗壳面积的方法[J]. , 2006, 42(9): 67-70.
[11]	杨军虎;张人会. 一种计算低比转速离心泵加大系数的方法[J]. , 2005, 41(4): 203-205.
[12]	朱祖超;陈鹰. 超低比转速高速离心泵设计计算系统[J]. , 2001, 37(2): 92-95.
[13]	朱祖超. 超低比转速高速离心泵的理论研究及工程实现[J]. , 2000, 36(4): 30-33.